Stroke is reported to be the second leading cause of death worldwide, resulting in post-stroke disability in 50-75% of survivors (World Health Organization, 2004). A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of your brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells begin to die in minutes. Emotional and cognitive functioning may be affected (Wilz, 2007; Macniven et al, 2005). Stroke may result in behavioral changes. Stroke survivors, particularly in the early recovery phase, may engage in behaviors that are inappropriate or confusing to family members. Their loved one may not seem like the same person, and they may feel that they have “lost” him or her. Nurses not only have a care management role, but also take responsibility for promoting recovery and preventing complications, for example through pressure area care, positioning for therapeutic benefit, and promoting and managing continence.
be resold on the public share market; and are not required to be registered with the regulatory body. A private placement is a method of raising capital with a small group of investors (typically less than 35).
• IPOs- It is the process of making shares of a private company available on the stock market for the general public for the first time. IPOs are forms of stock offerings that let you raise more money by trading in the capital markets.
3.2 What is Crowdfunding
The term “crowdsourcing” was first used by Jeff Howe in 2006 in an online article. It was used to denote a new management philosophy, that is, to solicit funds from an easily approachable “crowd”, or to bring up new ideas, or to appraise opinions. Along similar lines, the term “crowdfunding” was coined by Michael Sullivan in the fall of 2006 when launching a videoblog incubator project.
Crowdfunding as a new-age entrepreneurial phenomenon conveys a generalized recourse to the crowd, in order to replace bureaucratic and traditional fund providers, such as banks, financial markets, venture capitalists, governments, etc.
There have been three key developments which have contributed to the boom and rapid development of crowdfunding, they are as follows: First, there has been a growing tendency of the younger generation to trust their peers, rather than institutions. The rise of the peer-to-peer marketplace is emblematic of this development. New technologies effectively eliminate unnecessary middlemen when it comes to all sorts of financial transactions, establishing direct funding channels between people. Second, there has been a growth in the sharing economy. Collaborative efforts are the hallmark of this phase of business dealings. Crowdfunding is uniquely suited to innovative endeavours. On a fundamental level, the industrial revolution was hallmarked by consumption and the digital age is about creation. The emphasis in this age is on the process of creation itself. People are now beginning to take back control of the means of production. Third, democratization of the process. Crowdfunding, particularly equity crowdfunding promises to level the financial playing field by making high-level, top-
