A woman has just been diagnosed with breast cancer.

 

A woman has just been diagnosed with breast cancer. Her doctor tells her that while cancer is a multifactorial disease, she carries the breast cancer susceptibility gene, BRCA1. One of her two identical twin 19-year-old daughters is afraid that she also may have inherited the gene (Chapter 4, Learning Objective 2, 3, 8).

What considerations would you give her daughter who is worried about inheriting the cancer gene?
What ethical issues are raised when one identical twin wants to know her genetic susceptibility to a disease and other does not?

Sample Solution

Social Determinants of Health Contributing to Bullying Among LGBTQ+ High School Students and the Role of FNPs

Social Determinants of Health:

  1. Stigma and Discrimination: Negative attitudes and stereotypes towards LGBTQ+ individuals can create a hostile environment that contributes to bullying.
  2. Family Rejection: LGBTQ+ youth who are rejected by their families are at a higher risk of experiencing bullying and mental health problems.
  3. Peer Victimization: Bullying often occurs within peer groups, where LGBTQ+ students may be targeted due to their sexual orientation or gender identity.
  4. School Climate: A school climate that is not inclusive or supportive of LGBTQ+ students can create a breeding ground for bullying.
  5. Limited Access to Resources: LGBTQ+ students in rural or marginalized communities may have limited access to mental health services and support resources.

Role of FNPs in Addressing These Factors:

  • Advocacy: FNPs can advocate for policies and practices that promote inclusivity and acceptance of LGBTQ+ students in schools and communities.
  • Education: FNPs can provide education and training to school staff, parents, and community members on LGBTQ+ issues and the importance of creating a safe and supportive environment.
  • Mental Health Support: FNPs can provide mental health screenings and counseling services to LGBTQ+ students who are experiencing bullying or other mental health challenges.
  • Collaboration: FNPs can collaborate with school administrators, teachers, and counselors to develop and implement strategies to prevent bullying and create a more inclusive school climate.

Mental Health Screenings and Counseling Services:

  • Early Intervention: Mental health screenings can help identify LGBTQ+ students who are at risk of bullying or experiencing mental health problems.
  • Support and Guidance: Counseling services can provide LGBTQ+ students with the support and guidance they need to cope with bullying and build resilience.
  • Long-Term Mental Health Impacts: Addressing bullying early can help reduce the long-term mental health impacts, such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse.

Legislative Advocacy:

  • Policy Development: FNPs can advocate for legislation that protects LGBTQ+ students from bullying and discrimination.
  • Public Awareness: FNPs can raise public awareness about the issue of bullying and the importance of creating safe and inclusive environments for all students.
  • Collaboration with Policymakers: FNPs can collaborate with policymakers to develop and implement effective anti-bullying policies.

By addressing the social determinants of health, providing mental health support, and advocating for policy change, FNPs can play a crucial role in reducing bullying and creating a more inclusive and supportive environment for LGBTQ+ high school students.

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