Cancer and the approach to care based on the utilization of the nursing process

 

 

 

 

Write a paper (1,250–1,500 words) on cancer and the approach to care based on the utilization of the nursing process. Include the following in your paper:
1. Identify a specific type of cancer and the available screening methods.
2. Describe the different types of diagnostic methods across the life span utilized to identify possibility of cancer. Explain the numerical method and the tumor, node, metastasized (TNM) method of staging for cancer after the confirmed diagnosis.
3. Anticipate outcomes of care (expected, unexpected, and potentially adverse). Describe at least three complications of your selected cancer, the side effects of treatment (excluding nausea, vomiting, and hair loss), and methods to lessen physical and psychological effects, including alternative measures and pharmaceutical/herbal options.
4. Summarize cancer incident rates for your selected cancer. What preventative measures can be taken to reduce the yearly morbidity and mortality rate of various cancers in Americans?
5. Explain what the American Cancer Society (ACS) might provide for education and support. What ACS services could a nurse recommend for these patients and why?
6. How does an interdisciplinary research approach (which includes liberal arts, science studies, mathematics, social and physical sciences) build on the foundational nursing knowledge related to cancer research?
7. Explain how the nursing process is utilized to provide safe and effective care for cancer patients across the life span. Your explanation should include how each of the five phases of the nursing process demonstrate the delivery of holistic and patient-focused care.
You are required to cite a minimum of four sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.

Sample Solution

Cancer, a complex and multifaceted disease, presents significant challenges to individuals, families, and healthcare systems. The profound impact of a cancer diagnosis necessitates a comprehensive and individualized approach to care. Nurses, as central figures in patient care, leverage the systematic framework of the nursing process to deliver safe, effective, holistic, and patient-focused interventions across the lifespan. This paper will explore the application of the nursing process in managing breast cancer, including screening, diagnosis, treatment, potential outcomes, and the crucial role of interdisciplinary research and supportive organizations like the American Cancer Society (ACS).

1. Breast Cancer: Screening Methods and Incidence

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women globally and a leading cause of cancer-related death (ACS, 2024a). Early detection significantly improves survival rates, making screening paramount.

Available Screening Methods for Breast Cancer:

  • Mammography: This is the primary and most effective screening tool for breast cancer. It uses low-dose X-rays to create images of breast tissue, capable of detecting tumors too small to be felt. Guidelines for mammography vary slightly by organization:
    • American Cancer Society (ACS): Recommends annual mammograms for women starting at age 40 and continuing as long as they are in good health (ACS, 2023a).
    • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF):

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