Chemical reactions at the atomic level

Term 1: Pressure Familiarity and Prior Knowledge: I have a good understanding of pressure in everyday terms. We experience pressure when we inflate a bicycle tire or feel the weight of a heavy object in our hands. Everyday Meaning: In everyday language, pressure is often associated with force applied to a surface. People use the word "pressure" in various contexts:

• Physical Pressure:"I need to pump more pressure into the car tires."
• Mental Pressure:"I'm feeling under a lot of pressure at work this week."
• Atmospheric Pressure:"The air pressure is high today, so we can expect clear skies."

Technical Meaning (Chemistry): In chemistry, pressure is a specific force exerted per unit area. It is measured in units like Pascals (Pa) or atmospheres (atm). Pressure is related to the number of gas particles colliding with a container's walls. Relation to Learning Outcome: Understanding pressure is crucial for representing chemical reactions at the atomic level. Pressure changes can affect the equilibrium state of a reaction according to Le Chatelier's principle. Pressure can also influence reaction rates by changing the concentration of reactants. Similarities and Differences: The everyday concept of pressure aligns with the technical definition in terms of force. However, the technical definition provides a more precise measurement aspect missing in everyday use. Impact on Learning: Understanding the everyday concept provides a foundation for grasping the technical definition in chemistry. However, it's important to distinguish between the qualitative understanding of "pressure" in everyday use and the quantitative aspects emphasized in the technical definition. This distinction will be important when performing calculations and analyzing pressure changes in chemical reactions. Term 2: Energy Familiarity and Prior Knowledge: I have a general understanding of energy. We use energy to perform actions, power devices, and heat our homes. Everyday Meaning: In everyday language, energy is often used broadly to describe the ability to do work or cause change. People use the word "energy" in various contexts:

• Physical Activity:"I need more energy to finish this workout."
• Food:"This food is a good source of energy."
• Power:"The city is facing an energy shortage."

Technical Meaning (Chemistry): In chemistry, energy refers to the capacity to perform work or transfer heat. Energy exists in various forms like kinetic energy (movement), potential energy (stored energy), and thermal energy (heat). Chemical reactions involve energy transfer in the form of heat, light, or electrical energy. Relation to Learning Outcome: Understanding energy is fundamental to representing and quantifying chemical reactions. Chemical reactions involve energy changes, with some reactions releasing energy (exothermic) and others requiring energy input (endothermic). Tracking energy flow in reactions helps balance chemical equations and predict reaction feasibility. Similarities and Differences: The everyday concept of energy aligns with the technical definition in recognizing it as the ability to cause change. However, the technical definition provides a more specific framework for categorizing different forms of energy and their role in chemical reactions. Impact on Learning: Understanding the everyday concept of energy provides a foundation for grasping the technical definition in chemistry. However, it's important to delve deeper into the specific forms of energy and their transformations during chemical reactions. This will be crucial for balancing chemical equations and understanding energy flow within a chemical system.  

Sample Solution