“Christian imperialism”
Deborah A. Miranda, “Extermination of the Joyas: Gendercide in Spanish California,”Links to an external site. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 16, no. 1-2 (2010): 253-284 (to access the article, click on the "Duke University Press Electronic Package" option under "Full Text Available," sign in to your CSUSM library/proxy account, and click on the button under the "The text of this article is only available as a PDF" at the Duke website to download the PDF).
What is “Christian imperialism” and how was it practiced by Spanish colonizers?
How did gendercide figure into this project?
How have Two-Spirit people preserved the legacy of their ancestors?
John Corrigan and Lynn S. Neal, eds., “Religious Intolerance in Colonial America (chapter 1),” in Religious Intolerance in America: A Documentary History (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010), 17-47 (to access, click on the link, navigate to Full Text, click to access with your CSUSM library/proxy account, and locate the chapter within the book; you may then need to create an account with ProQuest Ebook Central to read the chapter).
What is the definition of religious intolerance that the authors provide?
How did the English colonists in the “new” (to them) world treat people of different ethnic and religious belonging?
How did the colonists treat Jewish people, Indigenous people, women whom they suspected of witchcraft, and Quakers?
How did similar dynamics play out in New Spain and New France?
Christian imperialism is the use of force or coercion to spread Christianity to other peoples and cultures. It was practiced by Spanish colonizers in a number of ways, including:
- Missionizing: The Spanish established missions in California and other parts of the Americas to convert Indigenous peoples to Christianity.
- Forced conversion: Indigenous peoples were often forced to convert to Christianity, and those who refused were often punished or killed.
- Destruction of Indigenous cultures: The Spanish destroyed Indigenous cultures and religions in order to impose their own Christian beliefs.