Defining access controls and why they are important.

 

Write 300 words defining access controls and why they are important?

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e Unie is seen by their involvement in German schemes of labour service and “WInterhulp’ (food aid) despite the schemes exploiting the Dutch (Smith, 1987, p.266). The Unie then however began to serve as a platform for opposition and a symbol of national solidarity (Mazower, 2008, p.477). Seyss-Inquart’s strategy of Nazification turned out to be a serious miscalculation, as despite relative cooperation from the Unie, they refused to make the ideological adjustment required to become Nazis (Hirschfeld, 1988, p.35). The support for the strike of February 1941, in retaliation to the cruelty towards 400 Jews (De Jong, 1990, p.35), added to the reasons why the German occupation formally banned the Unie in December 1941 (Smith, 1987, p.267). By the end of 1941, therefore it could be argued that Seyss-Inquart had realised that the vast majority of the population would not embrace self-Nazification.

Further failure with the German policy of Nazification can be seen with the subsequent use of the NSB. After the ban of the Nederlandse Unie, Anton Mussert’s NSB was declared the only party still legal under German occupation (Hirschfeld, 1981, p. 481). The NSB, the Dutch equivalent of the Nazi party, had grown in prominence since the invasion and despite having a marginal pre-war presence swelled to include as many as 75,000 wartime members (Foray, 2010, p.775). As the only remaining party, this meant that it was generally either German officials or NSB members in high positions of office throughout the Netherlands (Warmbrunn, 1963, p.37). The German occupation had hoped not to utilise the party to such an extent as it was severely disliked by the majority of the Dutch public, being regarded as politically and morally corrupt (Hirschfeld, 1988, p.39). The Dutch public would not support any policy from such a disliked party, especially when some of the attempts to establish Nazi organisations came from the NSB rather than the German authorities (Warmbrunn, 1963, p.263). Furthermore, the growth of anti-German sentiment after 1941 is representative of the failure of the German Nazification policy. The anti-Nazi attitude manifested itself in 3 main strikes: the aforementioned February 1941 Amsterdam strike against the treatment of Jews; the Spring 1943 strike in retaliation to the reinternment of the Dutch armed forces; and 17th September 1944 strike ordered by the exiled government on Dutch railwaymen as the Allies attempted to invade (De Jong, 1990, p.34). In terms of the 1943 strike, Christiansen, the supreme commander of the German Wehmacht, ordered the members of the Dutch army that had previously been released in 1940 to report for reinternment. There was a large amount of resistance to this policy with few soldiers responding to the order and a general strike from workers and business owners taking place throughout the country, united against Nazification (Ibid., pp.34-35). This strike in particular showed that even after 3 years of German occupation, the Dutch peop

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