Developmental assessment of children and adolescents
Developmental assessment of children and adolescents is essential because it observes growth
and changes of the child over time. A developmental assessment allows the Psychiatric Mental
Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) to compare developmental growth to expected
achievements of children of the same age and identify any delays in developmental milestones.
The identification of any abnormalities prompts a need to refer a child to the appropriate
clinician for further testing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019) recognized
that early intervention could change a child’s developmental path and improve outcomes for not
only the child but families and communities as well. The earlier the detection of abnormal
development, the higher the chances the child has in reaching his or her best potential with
intervention (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019).
Assessment Instruments
Dominic-R- is a comprehensive child self-report screening tool that is used to diagnose common
mental health problems in children ages 6 to 11. The instrument provides instant results in
diagnosing “separation anxiety, generalized anxiety, depression and dysthymia, ADHD,
oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and specific phobia” (Sadock, Sadock, & Ruiz,
2014). The highly standardized test combines colorful pictures, text, and a voiceover with child
interaction. The instrument uses a child named “Dominic,” who experiences symptoms in
question, from the child’s point of view (Sadock et al., 2014). Dominic-R uses the combination of
auditory and visual symptoms to achieve a better understanding versus the use of traditional
questionnaires. According to Sadock, Sadock, and Ruiz (2014), “information gleaned from this
instrument can also be applied in conjunction with clinical information to the DSM-5” (p. 1111).
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Dominic-R is appropriate for children as young as the age of 6. Cognitive theories recommend
external data input through multiple sensory channels, achieves the enhancement of
information processing (Dominic Interaction, 2009). This assessment instrument is more
relatable to a child or adolescent versus an adult as it is driven towards limited comprehension
of abstract concepts that apply to this age group.
Reynolds Child Depression Scale- 2nd Edition (RCDS-2)- is an adolescent self-report screening
tool that measures the severity of depression in 11-20-year old. The RCDS-2 assesses for
dysphoric mood, anhedonia-negative affect, negative self-evaluation, and somatic complaints
(Ortuño-Sierra et al., 2017). This tool uses a 30-item questionnaire that uses a Likert scale to
assess the severity of the depression. The rationale that this assessment is used in adolescents
versus adults in the diagnosis of major depression disorder (MDD) in children and adolescence
can directly affect academic performance, increase the risk for attempted suicide and increase
the risk of suffering from depression as an adult (Ortuño-Sierra et al., 2017). Early intervention is
ideal.
Treatment Options
Pediatric Medical Dance/Movement Therapy- is a dance therapy designed for childhood and
adolescent with disorders such as ADHD, mental disability, anxiety, depression, and disordered
eating (Tortora, 2019). Pediatric medical DMT is practiced in both in-patient and out-patient
settings to engage children in dance/movement providing psychosocial support. The goals of
therapy are to improve experiences and address concerns related to medical illness (Tortora,
2019). DMT has been identified as successful in improving stress management, improving
quality of life, manages pain, reduces anxiety and depression, and improves body self-image
(Tortora, 2019).
Play Therapy- therapy used in children ages 3-12. Play therapy typically is a weekly 30 to a 60-
minute session that is used to assist children in addressing and resolving problems (Association
for Play Therapy, n.d.). Play therapy is designed to assist children in learning how to cope with
difficult emotions and find solutions to problems through natural play (Association for Play
Therapy, n.d.).
Parents Role
Parents play a significant role in the assessment and treatment of the child and adolescent as
they are likely the first to recognize a change. As clinicians, we rely on parents to keep the child
compliant with visits and keep us updated on treatment failures and successes. The
participation of the parent ultimately predicts the child or adolescent’s outcome. Negligence of
the parent failing to comply with treatment or lack of alerting clinicians of developmental delays
impacts the child’s care and ability to seek intervention, which ultimately decreases the likelihood
of the child successfully reaching his or her potential. Ignoring signs or symptoms of anxiety or
depression could lead to the worsening of symptoms as an adult or self-harm.
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Why act early if you're concerned about
development? Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/whyActEarly.html
Dominic Interaction. (2009). Children ages 6 to 11. Retrieved from
http://www.dominicinteractive.com/21_en.jsp
Ortuño-Sierra, J., Aritio-Solana, R., Inchausti, F., Chocarro de Luis, E., Lucas Molina, B., Pérez
de Albéniz, A., & Fonseca-Pedrero, E. (2017). Screening for depressive symptoms in
adolescents at school: New validity evidences on the short form of the Reynolds
Depression Scale. PloS one, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170950
Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry:
Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
Tortora, S. (2019). Children are born to dance! Pediatric medical dance/movement therapy:
The view from integrative pediatric oncology. Children (Basel, Switzerland), 6(1), 14.
doi:10.3390/children6010014
Martin Luther King is an emblematic figure of hip-bounce culture Founders whom are at the leader of the SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference), Martin Luther King, asserts out his objection before hostile to white provocative messages that are related with Black Power. Very, they urge the African Americans to be glad for their personality and to set cognizance of their legacy: "to keep away from the blunder which would comprise in creating one Distrust towards all Whites people» he said. In addition, he articulates a popular discourse In August 28th, 1963 before the Lincoln Memorial in Washington during his Walking for the business and Freedom called: "I have a fantasy".
He is bolstered by John F. Kennedy in the battle against the racial segregation; the majority of these rights will be advanced by the "Regular citizen Rights Act" and "Casting a ballot Rights Act" under him. Martin Luther King is killed in 1968, by JamesEarl Ray, of whom the blame and the support are constantly talked about. Since 1986, Martin Luther King Day is an open occasion in the United States. After those catastrophes, the antagonistic vibe toward Black Power fortifies in 1968 with the presence of the development of Black Panthers which turns into the most significant association militating for the dark force.
During the 70s in the United States when the hip-jump development is conceived, battles at that point rage between rival bunches in Bronx strike. In 1973, Kevin Donovan, the pioneer the Bronx River group Project, finds the specialty of Djing. Propelled by the film Shaka zulu (1964 ), which depicts the unbelievable fight in 1879 Between the British pioneer troops and the South African clan Zulu, he takes the nom de plume Afrika Bambaataa, which is the name of the clan's chief. He gathers, in his circle youngsters whose methods for articulation are the rap, the spray painting, the DJing and the break move joined under a shared factor, under a gathering's name called 'The Bronx River Association.'
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In January, 1975, the closest companion of Afrika Bambaataa, Soulski, kicks the bucket from a shooting during an intercession of the police in a battle between packs. This occasion denotes the complete revultion of Afrika Bambaataa for packs. He leaves Black Spades and turns into a divided fan of the peacefulness. The Organization turns out to be then Zulu Nation which depends on changing the negative vitality into an imaginative positive vitality through random aesthetic wayThis page of the exposition has 4533 words. Download the full form above.
My Extended Project Qualification theme decision is the 'Mozart Effect'. I have chosen to concentrate on the impacts of traditional music, particularly Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major Key K.448, and its consequences for psychological capacity and spatial thinking. Just as this, I will be investigating the first 1991 ` article and how it would look when it is pivoted. The left half of the globe (the left hand side of the cerebrum) has a principle target of controlling and creating 'Spatial Reasoning'. The left half of the mind is the place maths and spatial counts are completed with relate legitimately to great spatial comprehension.
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Mozart and Classical Music
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (complete name, Johannes Chystostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart) is potentially the most skilled old style performer throughout the entire existence of traditional music. Mozart was an arranger, director, virtuoso piano player, organist and musician, with his music grasping concertos, show, choral, chamber, instrumental, ensemble and vocal viewpoints.
Mozart was conceived in Salzburg in 1756 to a dad of an aspiring Composer and Violinist; be that as it may, his sister, Nannerl was the kid wonder of the family. At 16 years old, Mozart had before long gotten one of music's first "independent" experts in spite of holding the status of a gourmet expert in the Court of Salzburg.
Mozart showed up in Vienna in 1781, when he was 25, and wedded Constanze Weber a year later in 1782. During this time he started to put on shows, distribute music and get commission for his dramas.
In the principal study completed, 36 college understudies were played either 10 minutes of Mozart's Piano Sonata for two Pianos in D Major K.448, 10 minutes of a taped self-mesmerizing or sat peacefully for 10 minutes. In any case, in the examination that was rehashed a choice of 84 understudies at first partook.