Eyewitness testimony during a criminal trial

 

 

 

The use of eyewitness testimony during a criminal trial continues to be an important real-world application of research in psychological science. This research, in combination with other advancements in science, have led to the development of organizations working to free wrongfully convicted and imprisoned individuals in the United States. In many instances, the wrongful convictions were dependent upon faulty or erroneous eyewitness testimony.

The Innocence Project is one such organization seeking to fulfill this mission. Visit their website at https://www.innocenceproject.org/about/
Take some time and read their list of successful cases where they assisted in freeing wrongfully convicted individuals from prison. Find one that may have relied on faulty eyewitness testimony to secure the wrongful conviction. You can also venture outside of the Innocence Project and find a different example of an individual freed from prison after discovering that their original conviction was based on faulty eyewitness testimony.

Share the following information with the class by replying to this discussion:

1) Name of person wrongfully convicted

2) Crime wrongfully convicted of

3) Amount of time spent in prison before being released

4) Provide a brief overview of how the original conviction relied on faulty eyewitness testimony

5) Do you think the results of decades of research on memory, and more recent applications to eyewitness testimony, could have prevented this wrongful conviction? How?

6) If you are called to serve as a juror in a legal trial where the prosecuting attorney’s case is dependent upon eyewitness testimony, how will you use what you have read in Module 3 to help you evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the eyewitness’s testimony?

 

 

Sample Solution

 

 

1. Official Summary

The motivation behind this article is to think about and assess two parts of my experience which are strife in bunch arrangement and group authority and relate that to hierarchical conduct. The significant angles I have decided to talk about on are struggle during the gathering arrangement, and group administration. This archive has been partitioned into two segments:

In the principal area of the exposition, I start by quickly showing the association (Media insight) I worked for as a Data Analyst and further keep portraying my experience and obligations. Also, I depict how Media Intelligence doled out a group under my obligations to empower our area of expertise meet her month to month destinations. The significant angles examined in this area are the encounter I looked with one of my (colleague) associate during our gathering exercises and show on the system I used to end the contention. By surveying my general execution decidedly and adversely, I would have the option to gain from my slip-ups from the information I got a handle on from Organizational conduct, its hypotheses and apply them in future where applicable.

In the subsequent area, I will quickly talk about the preparation I got at media Intelligence and access my initiative in my group.

2. Presentation

2.1. Brief introduction MEDIA INTELLIGENCE

Media Intelligence is a business counseling organization made in 2002 by Rostand Tane situated in Cameroon-Yaoundé: Rue Elig-Essono next to OAP and is spent significant time in giving vital information to organizations to better vital arranging and basic leadership. The significant center exercises or administrations at Media Intelligence are media look into, showcase thinks about, aggressive knowledge, Media research and experiences (estimation, checking, and exhibitions). Each help has a division Unit as explained in the outline underneath and each mondays each Head of Unit or Unit Executive needed to introduce contingent upon the quantity of customers every office had for that period or month. The introductions where by and large organized as; giving a nitty gritty instructions on the clients genuine and wanted needs, showing how the work would be booked and arranged, and finally giving arrangements (proposals if pertinent) produced using current perceptions.

2.2. My Role and Core work

At Media Intelligence, I functioned as a Data Analyst and was lucky to be the Head of the Monitoring Unit. Heading the Monitoring unit suggested having some administrative and hierarchical aptitudes or limits since I was required to prepare, create, and deal with a group of 5 media scientists. Our center capacities and exercises in the Monitoring unit were as per the following: following promoting Ads of every one of our Clients in the different Mass Medias: TV, Radio, Newspapers, Social Media, Outdoor (Ooh) which was the initial step. The subsequent advance was to give a definite investigation on the week after week, month to month uses of our customers Ads consumptions, their rivals and BTL promoting efforts. The third step was to quantify the month to month broad communications consumptions everything being equal and order them by area of movement as pursues: vehicles, Foods ventures, Beverage, Telecommunication, Air, Road Transportation, Forestry, Educational/Institutional, Financial(Banks, Insurance, credit Unions,) Health care and social, , Entertainment(Gambling, Lottery)… .and so on. My job and capacities suggested sorting out, arranging, instructions, orientating, setting week by week goals and registration, revealing the gathering progression to the head supervisor. As indicated by Stephens (2000) [1] a group alludes to ”at least two associating and reliant people who meet up, sharing duties and utilizing reciprocal aptitudes to accomplish explicit objectives”. There are various sorts of gatherings ordered under formal (structured by the association to accomplish explicit undertakings or accomplish objectives) and casual gatherings (which are by and large are social gatherings)

Formal gatherings

The order bunches are made out of cross utilitarian groups (useless) which are people created from the association’s outline and the people in that gathering report straightforwardly to the chief. While the undertaking bunch then again are autonomous and take their very own obligations cooperating to finish an assignment. [1] We had an agreement with a media transmission sponsor known as MTN who had marked a 5years inexhaustible agreement with the office and within reach, we had different customers like Uniliever, Guinness, and Afrikland First bank mentioning a similar assistance. The serious issue a large portion of this sponsors confronted where with the media diffusers, who sometimes didn’t regard their programing neglecting to embed publicists Ads at required occasions as arranged by the media plan. Thus this greatly affected publicists by and large activities beginning from their advertising to their creation methodologies coming about to a drop in deals and benefits edges to a certain broaden.

Having numerous customers close by, I was relegated to deal with the checking unit which was made out of 3 young ladies and 2 young men. We worked as a cross utilitarian group on the grounds that the gatherings had been made by the Media knowledge. Media knowledge had made an exchanging framework where every month, the record officials (Team individuals) changed starting with one office then onto the next. This inferred every month, I worked with account officials from various offices. The fundamental objective of this framework was empower the record administrators acquaint with the various administrations the office advertised.

2.3. Gathering Formation

There are a sure number of related hypotheses and approaches related to amass arrangement, for example, the equalization, Homan’s, propinquity and trade theory.[4],[2] The parity hypothesis which shows the fascination between people having similar qualities, and frames of mind though the trade hypothesis then again depicts the advantages or rewards an individual gets in joining a gathering. Homan’s hypothesis is relevant to our gathering arrangement on the grounds that in spite of the troubles and debates, we made due as a gathering finishing tuckman’s (1997) phases of gathering improvement. In opposition to the equalization hypothesis, we didn’t share anything for all intents and purpose given that my colleagues had diverse instructive foundations from the science and protection area to be exact and some even had a higher expert capability and experience than me.

Homan’s hypothesis recommends that the an ever increasing number of people get include in bunch exercises, the more grounded their cooperations and connection develop. Our cooperations advanced step by step with time as we as a whole comprehended what we were attempting to accomplishing given the constrained time we had. As talked about over, the groups were task bunches which had previously being appointed by the association and had been executed in the Media insight’s hierarchical outline. Tuckman (1997) proposed a 4 phase model which he later changed to a 5 model on the stages utilized in building up a gathering which are outlined in the chart beneath in figure 1. In the sections underneath, I will give a detail examination of Tuckman’s gathering advancement stages identified with my involvement with the Media Intelligence on how I had the option to deal with a group which had been framed by the association and obscure to me.

a. Framing

At the degree of framing, the association had just designated and alloted colleagues to every unit. During our first gathering that held at my office, I attempted to make an agreeable domain whereby every individual was allowed to convey what needs be or herself contributing and sharing his thought, purpose of perspectives, encounters on how we could handle the work in order to meet the organization’s month to month objective. The observing unit’s objective was to submit 5 consistence reports month to month covering the diverse mass Medias our customers expected us to screen their advertisements, their rivals procedures and item arrangements. I opened the gathering by presenting myself, displaying my instructive foundation (features on last degree), if some preparation on the idea of work completed by the association, and proposed every part to introduce himself quickly. We later on continued in building up our gathering rules like our gathering days, our interchanges frameworks, the significance of solidarity and the accessible assets put available to us.

By and large, the framing was extremely smooth as the gathering individuals where receptive, persuaded, engaged and lively. Despite the fact that they were naturally enlisted, I making the most of their eagerness, readiness, open inquiries, and jokes which showed their craving in satisfying the errand. We finished the main stage which is by and large described by vulnerability and uneasiness as recommended by Fred Luthans (1997). [4] The significant results of the shaping stage which suggests understanding the gathering’s motivation, deciding how the groups would be sorted out, and understanding their significant jobs or what is being required from them.

b. Raging

At the degree of raging, I recommended to make a calendar or timetable we needed to pursue which could empower us handle the work effectively and guarantee we were improving at the correct pace. So I prescribed each colleague to set their own day by day and week by week goals regarding information investigation, surveys, and work done as such as to know whether the individual in question was improving given the voluminous measure of work we had. I gave a lot of techniques, which I accepted were the fattest methods for accomplishing our gathering objectives.

I was promptly tested by a woman who protested, recommending it was smarter to work deftly in light of the fact that weight in meeting her week after week objectives could influence her presentation (prompting mix-ups and stress). Her recommendations were very intriguing however made a little quiet for some time, and I needed to get some information about their considerations and purpose of perspectives given that we had 4 TV and 5 Radio channels to process, sort out the assortment of indoor and open air information. More to that, we likewise had every day press surveys and online networking mo

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