Getting Tough on Crime

Sample Solution

Public anxieties about crime rates have significantly impacted sentencing in recent decades. Here's how:

1. Shift towards harsher penalties: Fears about crime led to a rise in "get tough" policies. This meant:
   • Mandatory minimum sentences:Judges have less discretion, and minimum prison terms become mandatory for certain crimes.
   • Three-strikes laws:A third offense, even non-violent, could lead to a very long sentence or life imprisonment.
   • Increased incarceration rates:More people are imprisoned, often for longer periods.
2. Effectiveness of "Get Tough" policies: The effectiveness is debated. Here's a breakdown:
   • Reduced crime rates:Crime rates did fall since the 1990s, but experts disagree on how much these policies contributed. Other factors like demographics and policing changes may have played a larger role.
   • High incarceration costs:Prisons are expensive. Mass incarceration puts a strain on budgets that could be used for other social programs.
   • Racial disparities:These policies disproportionately affect minorities. Studies show they're no more likely to commit crimes, but end up incarcerated more frequently.

Conclusion Public pressure has definitely led to harsher sentencing. While crime rates did fall, the effectiveness of these policies is debatable. They come with high costs and raise concerns about fairness within the justice system.