How DES and 3DES work

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Main Body:
What is the history of DES, and why is s-DES studied?
How does DES and 3DES work? Provide an example of each.
Explain the following ingredients that decide the algorithm in the Fiestel cipher:
Block size Key size
Subkey generation
Round function
Fast software encryption/decryption
Ease of Analysis
Conclusion

Sample Solution

DES (Data Encryption Standard) is a symmetric-key encryption algorithm that was developed by IBM in the 1970s and has since been used as one of the most widely accepted standards for secure data transmission. DES uses a 56 bit key to encrypt a message and then transmit it over an insecure network. To ensure maximum security, only the sender and receiver should know this key; otherwise, anyone can intercept or decode the message without authorization. DES utilizes what is called a Feistel cipher structure which separates each block of data into two halves before running it through multiple rounds of encryption using logic functions such as XOR and AND. This ensures that even if an attacker knows one half of the original message, they will still be unable to access its contents unless they know both halves—making it difficult for them to determine what data is being sent in between messages (“Cryptography Basics: Data Encryption Standard (DES)”).

Although efficient, due to technological advancements like faster computers and better computing power, DES has become increasingly vulnerable to brute force attacks —where an attacker could guess all possible keys until finding the right one . To counter this , improved versions such as 3DES were developed which use three separate 56 bit keys instead of just one (Rajan & Rao). This tripled encryption process provides greater protection against brute force attacks since hackers would now need to go through three times more combinations in order to decrypt any information successfully ..

To illustrate how DES works let us consider an example where Bob wants to send Alice a secret message “I Love You” . He first encodes his message into binary code —01001001 00111000 01101110 01100111 001110 1 10001001—and then uses his 56 bit key 00001111 11110000 11001100 11000011 11001000 11100010 11100011 10101010 on each 8 bit block using algorithms like XOR in order to transform it into something unrecognizable like – 0xF7ADEDC8D2A03DB9 . Finally , he sends out this ciphertextto Alice who runs her own version of the same algorithm with her own key on each 8 bits — resulting in retrieving back our original binary code iLoveYou.

eople that were Jewish or helped hide Jews were put in concentration camps and were forced to do labor like cooking, making tools, making clothing, and various other tasks. Then they were assigned barracks which, is where you sleep. Some camps were like regular summer camps, with a school, and just a single wire fence. But other concentration camps had maximum security, and were a lot more strict as in what you can and can’t do. If I were at one of these camps I would escape at night so no one could see me, then send my parents a letter and hope they didn’t get killed if the Germans found out I escaped.

Anne’s life in Hiding

Anne frank was hiding with her family, the Van Daan’s, and Mr. Dussel or Dr. Dussel for a little over two years. Who could be in hiding for that long?

Anne Frank lived with Mr. Frank. Anne loved Otto more than anyone else and thought no one loved her but him. Her mother Edith who tried to be there for Anne but always got turned away. Her sister Margot who was little Miss perfect in Anne’s eye’s. She also lived with Mr. Van Daan who was always crabby without his cigarettes. Anne also lived with Mrs .Van daan who would give Anne bad advice about being a lady but really I wouldn’t listen to it. And Peter who was a good friend to talk to when things got tough. They lived together for two years.

The conditions of Anne Frank’s hiding place were just awful. Imagine 7 people using a toilet and not flushing it for 11 hours. Anne also couldn’t talk to friend in fear of getting caught. They also couldn’t move for almost 12 hours at a time. I have ADHD so I could definitely not do that. They also had to burn scraps in a oven so that there was no evidence of them hiding up in the attic for that amount of time. The conditions were harsh. Would you want to live like that?

Arrest of Anne Frank’s Family

The arrest of Anne Frank’s family was devastating to them. Also to the Van Daan’s and to Mr.Dussel. It was also a big find for the Nazi’s. To find 7 people is very good. If you were looking for money 7 dollars would be a good find.

Life in concentration camps was tough in some you were watched 24/7 and could not talk to any other prisoners. Where in others they had schools and it was just like summer camps just with wired fences and hallway formations. Kind of like summer camp at Camden. You would eat when they tell you but you had a little of free time and not so much security. I could probably go and do ok at one of those types of camps

Most Jews died do to the gas chambers or of diseases. But there were also a lot of survivors. In the next section see who survives and who didn’t.

Anne Frank ended up dying with her sister Margot and her mother Edith. Also Mr. and Mrs.

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