External societal factors play a significant role in shaping a juvenile’s decision to engage in delinquent behavior. These factors often create environments that increase vulnerability and diminish protective influences. Essentially, they create a situation where a juvenile may see delinquency as a viable, or even necessary, option.

Here are three external societal factors:

1. Neighborhood Environment and Community Disorganization:

   • Living in areas with high crime rates, poverty, and limited access to resources can expose juveniles to delinquent role models and normalize criminal behavior.
   • Lack of community cohesion and social support can weaken informal social controls, making it easier for juveniles to engage in delinquency without fear of social repercussions.

2. Peer Influence and Gang Involvement:

   • Association with delinquent peers or gang membership can exert strong pressure on juveniles to engage in criminal activities.
   • The desire for acceptance, belonging, and status within a peer group can override moral considerations and lead to participation in risky or illegal behaviors.

3. Exposure to Violence and Trauma:

   • Witnessing or experiencing violence, either in the home or community, can desensitize juveniles to violence and increase their likelihood of engaging in aggressive or delinquent behavior.
   • Trauma can also lead to mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression, which can increase vulnerability to delinquent influences.