Write on the topic using a U.S. perspective. 500+ words + citations. Use the attached documents. Also internet articles from industry or reputable sites (not
Wikipedia)……. ***The topic of discussion:
All of us know how a thermostat works. You set the desired temperature and the thermostat turns on or off the heat (or air conditioning) depending upon the
setting. You only have to decide the setting and the thermostat interprets and acts on the basis of that information.
Cruise control on an automobile works much than same way. However, cruise control cannot see the icy road ahead and decide that speed must be reduced.
The driver must be aware of road conditions and intervene.
“The problem with machines that think is that they give rise to people who don’t need to think. This presents a significant challenge in the dynamic and
complex maritime world, where assessment and judgment, based on experience and total situational awareness, are fundamental to making the ‘right’
decisions — often under tight time constraints — that can spell the difference between safe passage and disaster.” Captain George Quick, IMO Safety
Committee.
Big data and analytics are likely not to be enough. The judgment of which Quick speaks is required and that must be embedded in the person. That is, we are
looking for the best combination of man and machine.
“Real advanced technology — on-the-edge sophisticated technology — issues not from knowledge but from something I will call deep craft. Deep craft is
more than knowledge. It is a set of knowings. Knowing what is likely to work and what not to work. Knowing what methods to use, what principles are likely
to succeed, what parameter values to use in a given technique. Knowing whom to talk to down the corridor to get thing working, how to fix things that go
wrong, what to ignore, what theories to look to. This sort of craft-knowing takes science for granted and mere knowledge for granted. And it derives
collectively from a shared culture of beliefs, and unspoken culture of common experience.
It also means knowing how to manipulate newly discovered and poorly understood phenomena, a type of knowing that comes from practical
experimentation and research built up on local universities and industrial labs. A knowing that again becomes part of a shared culture.” (Arthur, 2011, pp.
159–160)
Discuss what you think needs to be known, in the Arthurian sense, how the knowings are developed, maintained, and applied.