Investigating hate crimes

ombatants. Combatants are people who are involved directly or indirectly with the war and it is lawful to kill ‘to shelter the innocent from harm…punish evildoers (Begby et al (2006b), Page 290).However, as mentioned above civilian cannot be harmed, showing combatants as the only legitimate targets, another condition of jus in bello, as ‘we may not use the sword against those who have not harmed us (Begby et al (2006b), Page 314).’ In addition, Frowe suggested combatants must be identified as combatants, to avoid the presence of guerrilla warfare which can end up in a higher death count, for example, the Vietnam War. Moreover, he argued they must be part of the army, bear arms and apply to the rules of jus in bello. (Frowe (2011), Page 101-3). This suggests Frowe seeks a fair, just war between two participants avoiding non-combatant deaths, but wouldn’t this lead to higher death rate for combatants, as both sides have relatively equal chance to win since both use similar tactics? Nevertheless, arguably Frowe will argue that combatant can lawfully kill each other, showing this is just, which is also supported by Vittola, who states: ‘it is lawful to draw the sword and use it against malefactors (Begby et al (2006b), Page 309).’ In addition, Vittola expresses the extent of military tactics used, but never reaches a conclusion whether it’s lawful or not to proceed these actions, as he constantly found a middle ground, where it can be lawful to do such things but never always (Begby et al (2006b), Page 326-31). This is supported by Frowe, who measures the legitimate tactics according to proportionality and military necessity. It depends on the magnitude of how much damage done to one another, in order to judge the actions after a war. For example, one cannot simply nuke the terrorist groups throughout the middle-east, because it is not only proportional, it will damage the whole population, an unintended consequence. More importantly, the soldiers must have the right intention in what they are going to achieve, sacrificing the costs to their actions. For example: if soldiers want to execute all prisoners of war, they must do it for the right intention and for a just cause, proportional to the harm done to them. This is supported by Vittola: ‘not always lawful to execute all combatants…we must take account… scale of the injury inflicted by the enemy.’ This is further supported by Frowe approach, which is a lot more moral than Vittola’s view but implies the same agendas: ‘can’t be punished simply for figh

Sample Solution

Law enforcement agencies are increasingly relying on technology to improve their effectiveness in responding to crime and preventing future criminal activity. As such, it is important for officers to be knowledgeable about all aspects of understanding and manipulating technology so that they can properly use available resources in their work (Sparrow, 2018). To ensure this, there are several best practices being used by law enforcement agencies across the United States. One of these practices involves providing ongoing training opportunities for officers that allow them to stay up-to-date with the latest technological developments (Gard & Fisher, 2017). This includes offering courses on topics such as digital forensics and cybercrime investigations which will help officers develop an understanding of how to properly operate devices and apply new technologies during active investigations or other operations (Gard & Fisher , 2017). Additionally, some departments have implemented programs that allow officers access to virtual training simulations where they can practice using various pieces of equipment while working through different scenarios (Gard & Fisher 2017). Another key practice is involving outside experts whenever possible when implementing new technologies or systems. By doing this, laws enforcement agencies are able to tap into external knowledge bases which may contain information not readily available within the department itself (Sparrow , 2018). Additionally, consulting firms specializing in security solutions may also be consulted if necessary so that any vulnerabilities present can be addressed before implementation begins (Sparrow 2018). Finally , developing a culture among staff members where open communication is encouraged is essential for successful implementation of new systems as it allows problems or issues related to usage or functionality be identified more quickly than if everyone remains silent (Kuhn et al., 2014) Overall, having knowledgeable and well-trained personnel when it comes to using technology within a law enforcement setting is essential for success. By following the best practices outlined above law enforcement agencies can ensure their staff have the skills needed not only now but also as technological advances continue over time.