Major Depressive Disorder

 

 

Mrs. Kathleen Jones Gender: Female
Age: 41 Ethnicity: Caucasian
Education: Associates Degree Income: Private employment, Private Insurance
Religious/Spirituality: Methodist Family: Husband, Son 22 diagnosis of schizophrenia, Daughter 16 deceased suicide 1 year ago
Diagnosis: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Chief Complaint
“There is no point to my life, I want to end it all.”
History of Present Illness
Client admitted following husband calling an ambulance when Kathleen was found unconscious in the family home. Kathleen has been on the unit for 3 weeks, she has limited interaction with other clients in the milieu. She prefers to sit alone near the window and keeps her body in a hunched position with her eyes downcast.
Kathleen admits to taking several of her sleeping pills in an attempt to commit suicide. Kathleen’s husband has limited contact with her and when he does visit he makes no physical contact and only stays briefly. The client and her husband do not appear to converse when he visits.
Kathleen has stated several times in therapy that she intends to attempt suicide again if given the chance and has recently been discovered cheeking her pills.
Past Psychiatric History
No previous psychiatric treatment or hospitalizations. Prescriptions for escitalopram and zolpidem. Under care of a general physician for medication.
Substance Abuse History
Patient has history of tobacco and alcohol use, denies recreational drug use. Pt. spouse confirms.
Family History
Client’s parents both alive ages 70 (mother) and 86 (father) and have no psychiatric history. Both parents have hypertension and her father has type II diabetes. Client has 1 brother (age 45) with a diagnosis of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and bipolar disorder.
Social History
Client born and raised in the United States. Father in the military and frequently moved during childhood. Client married her husband at age 18 and had 2 children. A son who is 22 with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia and a daughter that would be 17, died 1 year ago at the age of 16 to suicide. She is an accountant and financial advisor. She is insured and on FMLA. No financial concerns. Client is Methodist and questioning her faith in a higher power. Has a prior history of alcohol addiction and frequented Alcoholics Anonymous meetings prior to the death of her daughter when she began drinking again.
Mental Status Exam
Client presenting to the day room in pajamas, states that she is too tired to dress. Has not showered in several days and has a stooped posture. She has orders for psychotherapy and group therapy and states that there is no point in attending because nobody could understand what she is going through. She continually attempts to go back to her room and has begun hiding pills during medication pass, which was discovered upon a room search.
Past Medical History
Wisdom teeth removal 15 years ago
Cesarean section 22 years ago and 17 years ago
Medications
Escitalopram 20 mg PO Daily
Zolpidem 10 mg PO HS
Allergies
Aspirin
PCN
Questions:
1. What information is pertinent to you as the nurse?
2. What do you think the problem is?
3. Prepare a list of goals for the interview
4. Write down a few sentences of how you will introduce yourself to the client
5. Write down a list of questions you will ask the client

 

Sample Solution

Barthes (1964) defines the Syntagm as an elongated mixture of signs. Within semantic analyses, this would be something like a sentence, where each is intertwined to the other terms within the phrase. The Syntagm is likened to the system, which means other words within the mind, as in the case of the relations between “learning” and “internship” (Barthes, 1964, p. 58). Barthes goes further upon these minds by connecting them Semiologically to different systems, e.g. food. In food system, the systematic level becomes the various bags within a particular level (i.e. types of desserts), whereas the syntagmatic level becomes the menu choices selected for a full meal.

Denotation and Connotation

The words denotation and connotation were used by Barthes for investigating the correlation between systems. Semiological system can be thought of as consisting of an expression, a plane of content and a relation between the two. A connotation then unravels how one system can act as a signifier of this first relation, most especially how it represents the expression within the first system (Barthes, 1964). These elements were importantly useful for unravelling relations among systems of symbols, instead of just relations between elements.

SEMIOLOGY AND ADVERTISEMENT

The major common concepts in a highly distinctive market always comprise of marketing, advertising and communication. Especially, advertisements mainly bring the language, photo graphics, colours and other symbols for its own usage to make a product known and its grandeur on the customers and outside. In the current world, advertising is a large scale business and is a cogent part of the national economy in several sovereign countries.

By definition, advertising refers to a form of communication, whose author or sponsor sends information to a recipient with the denotative intention to sell an idea to the prospective customer. This process has its specialness and it is connected to both propagandistic model of communication defined by McQuail and persuasive concept of communication put forward by the Semiotician Jarmila Doubravová (Doubbravova, 2002). A popular linguist Guy Cook, (2001) examines advertising as a “parasite discourse”, because it takes over the contents, forms, authors as well as recipients of other discourses (similarly as the literary criticism depends on literature and the Sport News – on sport). In fact, Judith Williamson indirectly builds on the idea of “parasite discourse” by

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