The romanticized myths of the “Wild West” that can be found today in American literature and popular culture depart drastically from reality. These myths are characterized by stories of rugged individualism, lawlessness, and adventure which have been passed down for generations (Gitlin, 2017). While some aspects may be true such as the vastness of its terrain or the harsh conditions faced by pioneers during this era, these depictions often neglect to acknowledge the real experiences of Native Americans and other marginalized groups who were also present at the time (Lomawaima & McCarty, 2006).
So why do these myths persist? One reason could be due to a sense of nostalgia for a simpler time before our current nation was formed. In addition many people enjoy narratives about cowboys and outlaws because they represent freedom from rules especially when compared with modern society where laws dictate most aspects of life (Nelson et al., 2017). Furthermore these tales have been glamorized through iconic figures like John Wayne or Clint Eastwood making them appear larger than life.
But what separates truth from fiction? For one thing while crime certainly did exist in western states during this period it was not nearly as rampant as popular culture would suggest (Katz & Gaines, 2015). Secondly there is usually little mention in these stories about how those living on reservations had their lands taken away or faced discrimination by those who moved onto them—consequences that continue to linger into present times.(Ewers et al., 2019) .
In conclusion, it appears that our fascination with all things wild west has more to do with fantasy than fact – an idea reinforced throughout media channels which makes it hard for us distinguish between reality and myth. We must look beyond stereotypes however if we ever hope understand how much diversity existed amongst inhabitants during this era so future generations can learn about both sides without embellishment.
“The uncommon exhaustiveness of Kautilyas’ work, its prominent inductiveness and viable character, its resolute rationale, lack of regard of extrinsic good or religious standard and its extensive variety of subjects and interests gave it a remarkable blend of features..”[1]
– D.R.Bhandarkar
In Indian history, the hundreds of years to come and that cruised by, are recorded numerous incredible people and amazing characters who molded time through their exceptional deeds and their perfection in each ability. However, among of them, Kautilya might be the just a single identity who has been regarded and acknowledged as a splendid individual by Indian researchers as well as western Scholars as well. Kautilya was incredible political logician and mastermind. We have been portrayed as an extraordinary educator, canny statesman, dedicated nationalist, profound mastermind, merciless head, ace strategist, benevolent parsimonious, perfect savant and genuine saint.[2] He is called all-rounder since he got dominance in every one of the parts of learning. He was knowledgeable in business, fighting, Politics, Economics and Vedas. He lived around the third century B.C. however, even today his thoughts and standards demonstrate importance and pertinence in the present day society. He is an authentic achievement really taking shape of India. Kautilya is the best individual with astuteness and information. He is respected pioneer in the field of Economics. The credit of foundation of Mauryan Empire goes to the prescience and learning of Kautilya. He was a key counselor and councilor of Chandragupta Maurya, the originator of Mauryan Empire. “This realm was not simply made out of various irrelevant locale united under single sceptra; it was a genuine unit dependent on normal government which wherever settled the lord’s position as well as people in general good.[3] Kautilya was boss modeler of his ascent to control so he is called kingmaker as well. A man brimming with vision; he was constantly arranged for the most noticeably bad. He had the guts to talk his heart out even before the rulers. He himself lived such a real existence, rejecting all enhancements, empathy towards poor people and insidiousness to trickery when required which demonstrates a portion of his great attributes of nature. Kautilya was an educator at the University of Takshashila which is situated close Peshawar in Pakistan. He was the primary man to imagine the principal Indian Empire by unification of the different little kingdoms in the Indian subcontinent.
His noticeable works are Nitishastra, Chanakya Niti and Arthashastra. Among these, Arthshastra was generally vital. He thought about financial movement as main impetus behind the working of any political activity. Kautilya was a genuine scholar who crossed over any barrier among information and vision. For Kautilya, great administration was preeminent.
LIFE SKETCH OF KAUTILYA –
Lamentably There isn’t certainity about the day and age of the Kautilya So, subtleties of his introduction to the world and life are not reliable and we need to depend on convention. The normal time of the Kautilya is from 350-283 B.C.E. There are not very many genuine chronicled realities about his introduction to the world and demise with the exception of that he caused Chandragupta to mount the honored position, to fortify his domain and to join the
Indian states for battling against Alexander of Macedonia around 327 B.C.E. Chandragupta Maurya built up the Mauryan Empire in the year 321 B.C.E. Kautilya was likely conceived around 350 B.C.E. This demonstrates Kautilya was junior contemporary of Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E.). There is no evidence that Kautilya was influenced by Aristotleâ€ÿs thought. A few students of history have “addressing about Kautilyaâ€ÿs presence”. His place of birth isn’t guaranteed. Some state that he got the name Chanakya on the grounds that he was conceived in China. The Buddhist notices his origination as Takshashila while Jaina sacred text notice his origin as Chanak in Gola area of South India. As per one adaptation, origin of Chanakya was Dravida so one of the Chanakyaâ€ÿs different names was Dramila. Some trusts his origin was Patliputra. Be that as it may, Kautilyaâ€ÿs origin will keep on residual a debate. Kautilya had two other two names – Chanaka and vishnugupta. As he was conceived in the town of chanaka, he was called chanakya , Dr. Ganapati Shastri is of the conclusion that he was conceived in the ‘ kutala’ gotra. Consequently he was named as Kautilya. His folks gave him the name of Vishnugupta at ‘namkaran’ ceremony.[4]
At the point when Kautilya was conceived, he had favored with the full arrangement of teeth, which demonstrated that youngster will move toward becoming lord or sovereign.
Rishi Chanak was a Kautilya’s dad who was found out Brahmin. He was an educator instructor so he knew the significance of training. He began showing his child Kautilya in his initial age.
In his initial age, Kautilya was knowledgeable in Vedas; however he remembered them totally at early age, At that old time, the Vedas were considered as the hardest sacred text to think about. He was likewise shown arithmetic, geology and science alongside religion. Ideal from his youth, Kautilyaâ€ÿs insight and smarts was noticeable and successful. His most loved subject was Politics. Kautilya had seen extremely troublesome conditions from his youth. His father,Chanak was savvy, better than average and self regarded Brahmin. He restricted bad form or everlasting deeds. The false and haughty lord Dhannanda disliked him normally. The ruler disparated the rightness of Chanak so he bugged Chanakâ€ÿs family for phony reasons. Chanak was placed in jail by the ruler. He kicked the bucket in jail. Nobody raised a voice against the unfairness with Chanak. Kautilya was an almost no kid that time. He was to a great degree miserable due to his fatherâ€ÿs passing and foul play occurred with his family. After his fatherâ€ÿs demise, his life was likewise in threat. So he left Patliputra by taking a promise that he would return and battle against shamefulness and deliver retribution against Dhannanda. Kautilya had his training at a popular college of Takshashila which was exceptionally rumored one around then.
Being a Brahmin of solid assurance anf solid will, he thought to render retribution from Nanda – King of Patliputra. He left the capital mortified and he went to scan for a warrior. On his way, he ran over the youthful Chandragupta. He found in the last a promising young fellow and began the battle for his establishment on the position of authority of Magadha. Their First endeavor Proved to be a disappointment. Anyway in the long run, Chandragupta regrouped his powers, overpowered the borderstates and propelled assault on the capital. The underhanded ruler Dhannanda best of Nanda administration wa gifted in 322BC. Accordingly another tradition Maurya was built up with Chandragupta Maurya enthroned as the lord of Magadha in 321 BC and ruled upto 298 BC.
The credit for this triumph goes to kautilya broadly acknowledged name whose conciliatory aptitude and all encompassing information of organization empowered Chandragupta, his understudy not exclusively to triumph against the Nandas yet additionally merge his empire.[5]
