Parkinson’s disease affects movement and can cause a variety of symptoms. Here are the main ones:

• Tremor: This is a shaking that usually begins in the hand or arm and is most noticeable when the limb is at rest. It’s often described as a “pill-rolling tremor” because of the characteristic back-and-forth movement.
• Slowness of movement (bradykinesia): Movements become slow and difficult to initiate. Simple tasks like getting dressed or buttoning a shirt may take much longer than usual.
• Muscle stiffness (rigidity): Muscles become stiff and tight, which can limit flexibility and range of motion. This can also cause pain and discomfort.
• Impaired posture and balance: People with Parkinson’s disease may develop a stooped posture and experience problems with balance or coordination, which can increase the risk of falls.
• Loss of automatic movements: Automatic movements, such as blinking, swallowing, and facial expressions, become reduced. This can lead to a mask-like appearance.

Additional symptoms:

• Speech problems: Speech may become soft, slurred, or monotone.
• Difficulty writing: Handwriting may become smaller and more difficult to read.
• Cognitive changes: Some people with Parkinson’s disease may experience cognitive decline, including memory problems, difficulty concentrating, or dementia.
• Sleep problems: Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or restless sleep are common.
• Bladder problems: Urinary urgency or incontinence can occur.
• Depression and anxiety: These are common mental health problems that can accompany Parkinson’s disease.

It’s important to note that Parkinson’s disease affects everyone differently. Some people may experience all of these symptoms, while others may only have a few. The severity of symptoms can also vary over time.

If you are concerned that you or someone you know may have Parkinson’s disease, it’s important to see a doctor for a diagnosis and treatment plan. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.