PARKINSONS DISEASE

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Describe the pathology (statistics about it, background information, etc.). Give as much information as you can about it but be sure it is relevant information and not just filler. It should be a comprehensive introductory section of the condition in one to two paragraphs.
Normal anatomy of the major body system affected: In this section, you will describe what is considered normal anatomy for your particular pathophysiology. For example, if you are discussing a disease related to the brain, explain what is normal for the brain from an anatomical standpoint. You should show comprehensive knowledge of the fundamental concepts and communicate information using scientific vocabulary. There should be little to no discussion of the condition itself in this section.

Normal physiology of the major body system affected: In this section, you will be discussing physiology. Keep in mind that when describing physiology, it isn’t enough to merely provide a list of functions of the body system (Ex: Neurons send signals throughout the body), instead, you need to be able to describe how it does it. The how is the physiology. There should be little to no discussion of the condition itself in this section

Mechanism of Pathophysiology: This section is likely going to be the most in-depth and longest section. In this section, you will explain your particular pathophysiology from a scientific standpoint. In the previous two sections, you explained what is considered normal, in this section, you should describe what the pathophysiology is doing that is causing these issues, how the normal anatomy & physiology is affected/different in a person with your condition. You should show a thorough understanding of the anatomical and physiological changes contributing to the disease.

Prevention: In this section, you will explain how your pathophysiology could be prevented. This should outline possible prevention protocols, or clearly indicate if none is available based on the current scientific literature.
Treatment: In this section, you will explain how your pathophysiology is commonly treated. Provide possible treatment protocols for the condition based on current scientific literature. Be sure to bring in nursing relevant information and how you might be involved in the treatment of the condition.

Conclusion: Finally you should summarize your findings.

Sample Solution

Pathology

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It is the most common cause of dementia, a general term for loss of cognitive function severe enough to interfere with daily life.

The exact cause of Alzheimer’s disease is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Amyloid plaques are deposits of beta-amyloid protein, which is thought to be toxic to neurons. Neurofibrillary tangles are twisted bundles of tau protein, which is a microtubule-associated protein that helps to maintain the structure of neurons.

The accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles leads to the death of neurons in the brain, particularly in the hippocampus and the cortex. These are areas of the brain that are important for memory, learning, and thinking.

Normal Anatomy of the Major Body System Affected

The major body system affected by Alzheimer’s disease is the brain. The brain is a complex organ that is made up of billions of neurons. Neurons are cells that transmit signals throughout the body. They are responsible for many of the body’s functions, including movement, thought, and emotion.

The hippocampus is a part of the brain that is important for memory. The cortex is a part of the brain that is important for thinking and language.

Normal Physiology of the Major Body System Affected

The normal physiology of the brain is complex and not fully understood. However, it is known that neurons communicate with each other through synapses. Synapses are junctions between neurons that allow them to transmit signals.

The transmission of signals across synapses is a complex process that involves the release of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that allow neurons to communicate with each other.

Mechanism of Pathophysiology

The mechanism of pathophysiology in Alzheimer’s disease is not fully understood. However, it is thought that the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles disrupts the communication between neurons. This disruption leads to the death of neurons and the development of dementia.

The amyloid plaques are thought to be toxic to neurons because they can block the release of neurotransmitters. The neurofibrillary tangles are thought to disrupt the structure of neurons and make them less able to function properly.

Prevention

There is no way to prevent Alzheimer’s disease completely. However, there are some things that people can do to reduce their risk of developing the disease. These include:

  • Eating a healthy diet
  • Exercising regularly
  • Staying mentally active
  • Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
  • Controlling blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels

Treatment

There is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease. However, there are some treatments that can help to slow the progression of the disease and improve symptoms. These treatments include:

  • Medications that can help to improve memory and cognitive function
  • Therapy that can help to manage behavioral changes
  • Support groups for patients and caregivers

Nursing Role

Nurses play an important role in the care of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. They can provide education and support to patients and caregivers, and they can help to manage symptoms. Nurses can also advocate for patients and help to ensure that they receive the best possible care.

 

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