PowerPoint Presentation on Personality Disorders
Group Topic: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) in Adolescents
Fictitious Patient:
Name: Sarah
Age: 17
Gender: Female
Case Study:
Sarah is a 17-year-old girl who has been struggling with borderline personality disorder (BPD) for several years. She was diagnosed with BPD at the age of 15 after a series of impulsive and risky behaviors, including substance abuse, self-harm, and promiscuous sexual activity.
Sarah’s parents report that she has always been a difficult child. She has a history of temper tantrums and outbursts, and she often struggles to control her emotions. She is also very sensitive to criticism and rejection.
In recent years, Sarah’s problems have become more severe. She has dropped out of school and begun to use drugs more heavily. She has also been engaged in several self-harm incidents.
Definition of Borderline Personality Disorder
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health disorder characterized by patterns of unstable moods, behavior, and self-image. People with BPD often experience extreme mood swings, impulsive behavior, and difficulty maintaining relationships.
Epidemiology of Borderline Personality Disorder
BPD is a relatively common mental health disorder, affecting about 1.6% of the adult population in the United States. It is more common in women than in men.
Incidence
The incidence of BPD is highest among adolescents and young adults. It is estimated that about 1 in 25 adolescents and young adults meets the criteria for BPD.
Prevalence
The prevalence of BPD is about 1.6% of the adult population in the United States.
Pathogenesis
The exact cause of BPD is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. People with BPD are more likely to have a family history of mental illness, and they may have experienced childhood trauma or abuse.
Pathophysiology of Borderline Personality Disorder
The pathophysiology of BPD is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve abnormalities in the brain’s reward system and emotional processing system. People with BPD may have difficulty regulating their emotions and may be more likely to engage in impulsive behaviors in search of relief from negative emotions.
Genetics/Genomics
Studies have shown that there is a genetic component to BPD. People with BPD are more likely to have a family history of mental illness, including BPD, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.
Neurotransmitters
It is thought that abnormalities in the neurotransmitter serotonin may play a role in the development of BPD. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps to regulate mood, behavior, and sleep. People with BPD may have low levels of serotonin in their brains.
Neurobiology
Brain imaging studies have shown that people with BPD have abnormalities in the structure and function of the brain’s reward system and emotional processing system. The reward system is responsible for processing feelings of pleasure and reward. The emotional processing system is responsible for regulating emotions.
Clinical Features of Borderline Personality Disorder
The clinical features of BPD include:
- Unstable moods
- Impulsive behavior
- Difficulty maintaining relationships
- Distorted self-image
- Fear of abandonment
- Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
- Self-harm
History of the Patient’s Problems
Sarah’s parents report that she has always been a difficult child. She has a history of temper tantrums and outbursts, and she often struggles to control her emotions. She is also very sensitive to criticism and rejection.
In recent years, Sarah’s problems have become more severe. She has dropped out of school and begun to use drugs more heavily. She has also been engaged in several self-harm incidents.
Physical Findings
Sarah is a healthy-appearing 17-year-old girl. She has no significant physical findings.
Psychiatric Findings
Sarah meets the DSM-5-TR criteria for borderline personality disorder. She has a history of unstable moods, impulsive behavior, difficulty maintaining relationships, and distorted self-image. She is also afraid of abandonment and has engaged in suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
Diagnosis: Borderline Personality Disorder
Recommendations
The treatment recommendations for Sarah include:
- Individual therapy: Individual therapy can help Sarah to learn how to manage her emotions and impulsive behaviors. It can also help her to develop healthier relationships and to improve her self-image.
- Group therapy: Group therapy can provide Sarah with support and understanding from other people who are struggling with BPD. It can also help her to learn social skills and to
