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MATH PROJECT

The premise of the project is closely related to the aspect of the course material but may
explore an avenue, specifically in Excel, that was not discussed in class. You are free to use
internet resources to strengthen your Excel skill and apply it to tackle your project.

• A typed report addressing the questions of the project. No handwritten report is
acceptable.

• Excel file displaying your work. Use multiple sheets of one Excel _le for multiple
tasks rather than using multiple Excel _les.

1.1 Data
Data is available for this project on the course website in Canvas with the title Sepsis Data
MIMIC Phase 2. This is a real-world healthcare data extracted from Medical Information
Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC III). MIMIC is a relational database containing tables of
data relating to patients who stayed within the intensive care units at Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center.

The data set for this project includes patients who had the diagnosis of sepsis. Your instructor
had already cleaned the data and prepared it for the statistical analysis. The data includes
1,072 observations. This dataset has less data points than the Phase 1 of the project (1132).
The definition of each column in the data is explained as follows:

SUBJECT ID Patient Identification number

HADM ID Admission number of the patient. (Remember a patient can have multiple hospital admissions)

ADMITTIME Admission time. Because of the privacy reasons, the admission and discharge time has been shifted to a specific value.
DISCHTIME Discharge time

ADMISSION TYPE Types of hospital admission (URGENT or EMERGENCY)

DISCHARGE LOCATION Provides information about the location where the patient is discharged

MARITAL STATUS Marital status of the patient

GENDER Gender of the patient (M:Male, F:Female)

LENGTH OF HOSPITAL STAY DAYS Number of days a patient stays in the hospital

HOSPITAL EXPIRE FLAG Outcome of the hospital stay. Whether a patient is discharged as expired or non-expired. Expired and non-expired outcomes are encoded as 1 and 0, respectively

AGE Patient’s age

HEART_RATE Heart rate

RESPIRATORY RATE Respiratory rate

GCS SCORE Glasgow Coma Scale score (it is related to nervous system)

BLOOD PRESSURE Blood pressure

CREATININE Creatinine

1.2 Objective

The objective of this part of the project is that a student will advance his/her learning
in developing statistical models using Excel. Specifically, students will enrich their course
learnings in the following two areas:
1. Hypothesis testing
2. Linear regression

(PROBLEMS TO SOLVE 1-9)

1.3 Problem Statements
Your report should address the following problem statements, and must contain all the
tables, graphs and numeric measures you derive from Excel. Your report must include all
the results for the grading. And please do not forget to add correct labels in X and Y-axes
of your plots.

1. (10 points) As a hospital quality manager, you are interested in investigating if patients
with expired outcomes have the same average length of stay as patients with non-
expired outcomes. For this, you decided to perform hypothesis testing using cuto_
(or critical) value approach. In your excel _le, show all four steps clearly in one sheet.
In your report, write hypothesis formulation, t-statistic, rejection regions and your
conclusion. DO NOT use the hypothesis testing feature of the Data Analysis tool.
Perform all the calculations in Excel.

2. (5 points) Write a linear regression equation to derive the length of stay using the
following measurements:
• Age
• Heart rate
• Respiratory rate
• Glasgow Coma Scale score
• Blood pressure
• Creatinine
Use B1; B2; B3; B4; B5 and B6 as regression coefficients. We compute value of these coefficients later.

3. (5 points) Using Data Analysis tool, compute the coefficients associated with each
explanatory variable. In your report, create a table and list coefficients of all the
explanatory variables along with their p-values.

4. (4 points) Refer p-values to determine which of the explanatory variables are NOT
significantly important?

5. (4 points) Write down the linear regression incorporating estimated coefficients.
While writing the linear regression equation, use only significantly important explanatory variables and ignore others.

6. (4 points) Explain the interpretation of each coefficients that are significantly important.

7. (5 points) A 64-year patient gets admitted to the ICU in the hospital with Glasgow
Coma Scale score of 6 and blood pressure of 63, what is the predicted length of the
stay of the patient?

8. (6 points) There is a common belief among physicians that the length of stay increases
by 0.5 days with every 1 mmHg increase in blood pressure. Investigate this claim using
hypothesis testing.

9. (3 points) Report the Goodness of Fit measure. What do you think about the model? Is it a good model or poor?

10. (4 points) Clarity of your report.

 

 

 

 

 

Sample Solution

 

 

Test and Response

Presentation and Thesis

The globe is in the focal point of an expert ached “post-Cold War progress”. This virus war progress will keep proceeding till one decade from now. There are such huge numbers of component and forces that are working amid this time. So of the elements have negative effects while a portion of the components have positive effects. The general public of free countries is broadening, the economy of the world has essentially improved starting from the turn of the “late 80’s and mid 90’s”, and a considerable lot of the specialists are anticipating quickly developing economy (Erwin, Magnuson, Parsons and Tadjdeh, 2014). From the perspective of national security, the difficulties that United States diminished arranged by scale or size they are sheltered from some other worldwide difficulties yet at the same time there are some abroad difficulties that interests of United States are confronting. In any case, other than these components and other positive development, this season of advancement remains muddled and loaded with difficulties. In the ongoing occasions, there are as yet observed perhaps erratic difficulties, a blend of social, statistic, money related, and political circumstances(Allen, 2014). It is important to confront the difficulties and reaction well to such dangers. The theory articulation is that security of a nation is essential yet the inquiry here is that how a nation makes procedures to protect its national advantages.

In this paper we will talk about the dangers and difficulties that are looked by the United States and how the United States reactions to every one of these dangers and difficulties. Besides, the paper distinguishes that how the national power instruments can be used for the wellbeing and security of the state so as to offer reaction to the recognized dangers and difficulties.

Three dangers or difficulties to United States’ interests

In the ongoing occasions, the United States’ interests are confronting numerous difficulties and dangers. A couple of the difficulties and dangers are referenced beneath:

1: Peace

America’s most prominent resource and intrigue is its kin. The general population of America are the most regarded one in the nation. Individuals living in America fabricate a country from individuals originating from al h religions, races, hues and so forth and live in harmony. The general population of America will be given harmony and they will show protect their tranquility. The security powers of America will do all the conceivable things to verify the tranquility of the nation and make the general population of America assume a vital job in the tranquility of the Alternative world as well (Erwin, Magnuson, Parsons and Tadjdeh, 2014). The nation faces a few dangers and difficulties about the flourishing as the catastrophic events are a major risk to the harmony and thriving of the nation.

2: The security of US, its kin and its Allies

Security of the country and its kin is express most duty of the military and govt. of United States. US of America is likely the most serene nation known to man. The organization of the nation has a major duty of verifying them. US is making move to make suitable methodologies for the security of its kin and the accomplices of the nation. The security of partners and accomplices of the nation is essential for the nation (Bareer, 2010)..

3: Values

It is accepted by the govt. of the United States that there are a few qualities that are all inclusive and they are attempting their best to advance these qualities. Opportunity of talking, adoring of the religion and determination of the pioneers and so on are comprehensive of these qualities. The essential establishment of United States of America is on these qualities so they become testing and threating in some cases.

The United States’ reactions to distinguished dangers or difficulties

1: Peace and Prosperity

The govt. of United States has made some suitable answers for face the harmony and success issues that the nation faces. The nation has constructed is capacity to confront and take care of the issues identified with debacles so the harmony and flourishing of the general population of United Sates could be put something aside for a long haul. Fitting laws are made to diminish the viciousness in the nation (Erwin, Magnuson, Parsons and Tadjdeh, 2014). (Wohlstetter, 2014).

2: Security

The military of United States is dynamic all the ideal opportunity for the security of the country, its kin and the accomplice and partners of the nation. The nation has a parity in the selection of new procedures and utilization of new instruments. For their unions, America stand joined with its accomplices to help them when they need their assistance in security (Wohlstetter, 2014).

3: Values

The govt. of United States acquainted a few laws with deference different religions and the estimations of the nation and different religions living in the nation. They are advancing these qualities in all around the world and doing suitable techniques to keep it protected and secure in the nation.

Suggested needs

The American Intelligence and Army are making a decent attempt to secure the interests of America and they are endeavoring hard endeavors to protect it from any risk or test. The US should make its digital quality solid as the country can be hurt by hacking its national information. It is prescribed to verify the national information of the state so as to guard it by any kind of digital hacking which is compromising nowadays (Erwin, Magnuson, Parsons and Tadjdeh, 2014). The digital weapon security is on the top need of the Unites States. US is expanding the external safe circle with the goal that nobody can risk or damage the country. The estimations of the nation ought to be remained careful by presenting new laws.

End

In the ongoing occasions, the world has swung in to a perplexing and perilous spot in light of the fact that after the virus war the forthcoming war will be digital war, a war which is extremely compromising all around. Significant dangers that are being looked by United States are security of the general population of United States, Peace and Prosperity and the qualities. The United States would should be prepared to assault to such helpless dangers so as to guard the national interests. From the perspective of national security, the difficulties that United States diminished arranged by scale or size they are sheltered from some other worldwide difficulties yet at the same time there are some abroad difficulties that interests of United States are confronting. Be that as it may, other than these components and other positive development, this season of advancement remains entangled and brimming with difficulties.

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