Pharmacology Concept Maps for Maternal-Child Medications

Here are concept maps for the medications you mentioned, using the provided template:

1. Prenatal Vitamins

Central Theme: Nutritional support for pregnancy and fetal development

Key Branches:

• Micronutrients:
  • Folic acid (prevents neural tube defects)
  • Iron (prevents anemia)
  • Calcium (supports bone development)
  • Vitamin D (calcium absorption and bone health)
  • Other vitamins and minerals (overall health and development)
• Benefits:
  • Reduces birth defects
  • Improves pregnancy outcomes
  • Supports fetal growth and development
• Considerations:
  • Dosing based on individual needs
  • Potential side effects (nausea, constipation)
  • Interactions with other medications

2. Oxytocin

Central Theme: Uterine stimulant for labor and postpartum hemorrhage

Key Branches:

• Mechanism of Action: Binds to oxytocin receptors in the uterus, causing contractions
• Indications:
  • Induction or augmentation of labor
  • Control of postpartum hemorrhage
• Administration:
  • IV injection or infusion
• Contraindications:
  • Severe preeclampsia or eclampsia
  • Uterine rupture
  • Cephalopelvic disproportion
• Side Effects:
  • Uterine hyperstimulation
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Headache
  • Tachycardia

3. Nalbuphine

Central Theme: Opioid pain reliever for labor

Key Branches:

• Mechanism of Action: Binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, inhibiting pain signals
• Indications:
  • Management of pain during labor
• Administration:
  • IV or IM injection
• Contraindications:
  • Known opioid hypersensitivity
  • Respiratory depression
  • Increased intracranial pressure
• Side Effects:
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Respiratory depression (neonatal)

4. Rh Immune Globulin

Central Theme: Prevents Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDFN)

Key Branches:

• Mechanism of Action: Binds to Rh-positive fetal red blood cells in the mother’s bloodstream, preventing them from destroying her Rh-negative red blood cells
• Indications:
  • Rh-negative pregnant women who are exposed to Rh-positive blood (during pregnancy or delivery)
• Administration:
  • IM injection
• Contraindications:
  • Rh-positive pregnant women
  • History of severe allergic reaction to RhIG
• Side Effects:
  • Local injection site reactions (pain, redness)
  • Mild fever
  • Headache

5. Vitamin K injection

Central Theme: Prevents Vitamin K deficiency bleeding in newborns

Key Branches:

• Mechanism of Action: Vitamin K is essential for the production of clotting factors in the liver
• Indications:
  • All newborns, especially those at risk for Vitamin K deficiency (premature babies, babies born to mothers on certain medications)
• Administration:
  • IM injection
• Contraindications:
  • None known
• Side Effects:
  • Local injection site reactions (pain, redness)
  • Transient rise in bilirubin levels

6. Erythromycin eye ointment

Central Theme: Prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (eye infection) in newborns

Key Branches:

• Mechanism of Action: Inhibits the growth of bacteria that cause ophthalmia neonatorum (Chlamydia trachomatis)
• Indications:
  • All newborns, as a routine prophylaxis
• Administration:
  • Single dose applied to each eye within 24 hours of birth
• Contraindications:
  • History of hypersensitivity to erythromycin
• Side Effects:
  • Local irritation of the eyes
  • Chemical conjunctivitis

These are just examples, and you can certainly expand on these concept maps by adding additional details, such as specific drug interactions, dosage ranges, and alternative medications. Remember, the goal is to create a comprehensive and visually appealing map that helps you understand and remember the key information about these medications.