Rise of Fundamentalism in the United States

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Write 300 words on the context, causes and characteristics of the U.S. Fundamentalist movement. What were the primary causes of the Fundamentalist withdrawal from mainstream society? How do you see modern Evangelicalism differing in tone or content from early twentieth century Fundamentalism?
Give a brief overview or summary of the key figures and developments during rise of fundamentalism (covered on pages 292 to 295).
Give your own reaction to the long term influence of Protestant fundamentalism.
How do you see the defensive withdrawal of Fundamentalism from the public sphere effecting Christian witness and mission to society?

 

Sample Solution

Fundamentalism has a very specific meaning in the history of American Christianity, as the name taken by a coalition of mostly white, mostly northern Protestants who, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, united in opposition to theological liberalism. Though the movement lost the public spotlight after the 1920s, it remained robust, building a network of separate churches, denominations, and schools that would become instrumental in the resurgence of conservative evangelicalism after the 1960s. Steve Bruce argues that the main causes of Fundamentalism are modernization and secularization, but we also need to consider the nature of the religions themselves and a range of ‘external factors’ to fully explain the growth of fundamentalist movements.

The Human Rights path is about ensuring people know and declare their rights. Everyone must be aware that a person is held responsible for ensuring the rights of an individual are provided and met. A Human Rights approach states that not only people who use the service should have their rights in place and provided with but the other individuals around e.g. A family coming into a hotel, the family should know and be able to declare their rights however the staff in the hotel have also got their rights.

The panel principles are the critical principles which are required in the operation of the Human Rights approach:

  • Participation – Everyone is able to cooperate in any changes that could influence their Human Rights.
  • Accountability – To ensure successful observation and to also ensure that breaking or failing to observe a law agreement will lead to being solved.
  • Non- discrimination and equality – All forms of discrimination should be abolished.
  • Empowerment – Everyone should be aware of their rights.
  • Legality – Everyone should be aware that rights are legally kept in force.

The usefulness of supporting a Human Rights access to care:

The usefulness of supporting a Human Rights access to care is important as it may be harder for people in care to always be up to date and know their rights. For example, People with dementia have the exact same human rights as every other person in this world however due to the illness they face many obstacles to realise every right they are entitled too. A group of Scottish parliament organisations representing the interests of people with dementia are brought together and work towards supporting people with dementia to ensure their rights are recognised and respected. Dementia over time causes the individual’s capacity to make choices in their everyday life’s. For example, someone with Dementia may need someone to support them with their banking. However, for this it has to be someone the individual trusts so that the individual’s rights are not broken. Therefore, it is important to adopt a Human Rights approach to care to ensure the safety and right to personal and private life.

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