Skin & Breast

KM is a 38-year-old white woman with a 6-year history of psoriasis. Her family history includes allergies and asthma and her mother with psoriasis. KM returns today for an increase in symptoms, and she wants to improve the appearance of her skin. Please discuss the following:
What is the underlying cause of psoriasis?
What are the common signs and symptoms of this disease?
Define, Compare and Contrast the following conditions:
Fibrocystic breast disease
Fibroadenoma
Malignant breast tumor

Sample Solution

Skin & Breast

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells. Psoriasis is caused, at least in part, by the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy skin cells. If you are sick or battling an infection, your immune system will go into overdrive to fight the infection. This might start another psoriasis. Psoriasis signs and symptoms can vary from person to person. Common signs and symptoms include red patches of skin covered with thick, silvery scale; small scaling spots; dry, cracked skin that may bleed or itch; thickened, pitted or ridged nails; and swollen and stiff joints.

The global economic recession has affected every nation, including member states in the European Union. This has led many analysts and political scientists to speculate about how much responsibility the European Union, and Germany in particular, should have over the economic well-being of its member states. The Economist contemplated this issue in its article, “Europe’s reluctant paymaster?” on February 26, 2009. This article revealed the level of economic success Germany has achieved on an international level and discussed whether or not it’s in Germany’s best interest to allow nations within the European Union to fall into recession. This article also discussed Germany’s changing attitudes within the European Union. To best understand the European Union and Germany, and individual needs to utilize information found both in this article and in Comparative Politics textbooks.

“Europe’s Reluctant Paymaster” is very much in line with what Comparative Politics and its textbooks teach. While it naturally analyzes Germany from a more globalized contemporary economic angle than the textbooks, the textbooks are still necessary for overall discussion of Germany’s involvement with the European Union. Both the article and Kopstein and Lichbachss book, Comparative Politics, discuss Germany’s original enthusiasm for the European Union and its expansion. These same sources also tell of a Germany now wary of the repercussions that come with too much expansion. Both the textbooks and the article examine the economic cushion Germany has created to prevent itself from going down with the rest of Europe, the reason the Economist refers to Germany as “Europe’s Reluctant Paymaster.” While the books look at Germany more broadly, both the books and the article overlap in their knowledge of Germany’s economic role in the European Union.

Despite the overlap, this article was still particularly useful because it was able to add new knowledge to politics not covered in the textbooks. Specifically, it showed the perspective other European nations and international organizations have of Germany. For instance, the article reads, “At times like these people turn to Germany, the biggest and most creditworthy economy in Europe. Austria… wants the EU to provide $191 billion of aid (Europe’s Reluctant Paymaster).” This shows that not only does Germany’s economic success as a middle developer have a positive effect on the people living within the nation, but also that other nation’s perceive Germany as economically prosperous. Germany is known for being careful about allowing workers to immigrate and this expected dependency shows why workers would want to come to Germany in the first place. What this doesn’t show is that to achieve such stability, Germany has had to deal with a very high unemployment rate. Nonetheless, this article analyzed Germany from an international perspective and provided insight into the manner in which Germany is perceived by other nations and international organizations.

The article is fairly accurate but fails to analyze some of the more interesting aspects of Germany. For instance, the

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