The Court assumes that effective assistance of counsel is present unless the adversarial process

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The Court assumes that effective assistance of counsel is present unless the adversarial process is so undermined by counsel’s conduct that the trial cannot be relied upon to have produced a just result. An accused who claims ineffective counsel must show the following: (1) deficient performance by counsel and (2) a reasonable probability that a competent attorney would have led to a different outcome (Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 [1984]). Discuss the difficulty of successfully demonstrating point number two. Please articulate WHY in your answers

Sample Solution

The second point of the Strickland v. Washington standard can be difficult to prove because it requires a defendant to show that a competent attorney would have led to a different outcome. This proof is inherently subjective and may require an accused person to rely on the opinion of experts in order to demonstrate how their case could have been handled differently by another attorney. Additionally, since counsel’s performance cannot always be reliably judged without knowing what actually happened during trial proceedings or outside defense strategy discussions, there is no way for individuals seeking relief from conviction via ineffective assistance claims to know if they are making accurate assumptions about counsel’s performance (Ginsburg & Martin, 2019). Thus, proving this part of the two-point test often rests on circumstantial evidence and speculation about outcomes which makes it difficult for defendants wishing to challenge their convictions due inadequate representation.

As there have been many more destructions of cultural heritage by Islamic State over the last few years. Call from the Western world have said that the world should do everything in order to preserve those sites, as they hold significant positions in the history of human kind. Besides preserving history, what effect could preventing cultural heritage sites from coming into the hands of Islamic State have in the fight against them.

After events like …. Cultural heritage could be defined according to UNESCO…  Examples of actions are…. This was all to safeguard the historical value they have.

It was another message from Islamic State to the Western world, as they deliberately destroyed an important symbol of origins of Western civilization. As it occurs more and more often that cultural heritage sites are destroyed by Islamic State.

Besides preserving history, how could preventing cultural heritage sites to come into the hand of Islamic State help the Global Coalition, consisting of 74 members whose mission it is to defeat Islamic State, in countering Islamic State (The Global Coalition, n.d.). This essay argues that a successful protection of cultural heritage from destruction by the Islamic State could help in the fight against Islamic State.

The cultural heritage may be defined as the entire corpus of material signs – either artistic or symbolic – handed on by the past to each culture and, therefore, to the whole of humankind. As a constituent part of the affirmation and enrichment of cultural identities, as a legacy belonging to all humankind, the cultural heritage gives each particular place its recognizable features and is the storehouse of human experience.

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