The factors that affect fertility (STDs)
In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:
The factors that affect fertility (STDs).
Why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID.
Why prostatitis and infection happens. Also explain the causes of systemic reaction.
Why a patient would need a splenectomy after a diagnosis of ITP.
Anemia and the different kinds of anemia (i.e., micro and macrocytic).
Sample Solution
Factors that affect fertility (STDs)
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can affect fertility in a number of ways. Some STIs can damage the reproductive organs, making it difficult to become pregnant or carry a pregnancy to term. Others can interfere with the production of sperm or eggs.
The following are some of the ways that STIs can affect fertility:
- Chlamydia and gonorrhea: These two STIs can cause inflammation and scarring in the fallopian tubes, which can make it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. They can also cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), a serious infection that can damage the reproductive organs.
- Herpes: Herpes can cause inflammation in the cervix and vagina, which can make it difficult for sperm to travel through the cervix. It can also cause miscarriage or premature birth.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV): HPV can cause genital warts, which can block the cervix and make it difficult for sperm to enter the uterus. It can also cause cervical cancer, which can lead to infertility.
- HIV: HIV can damage the reproductive organs and interfere with the production of sperm or eggs. It can also increase the risk of miscarriage and premature birth.
- Iron deficiency anemia: This is the most common type of anemia. It is caused by a lack of iron in the body.
- Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia: This type of anemia is caused by a lack of vitamin B12 in the body. Vitamin B12 is essential for the production of red blood cells.
- Folate deficiency anemia: This type of anemia is caused by a lack of folate in the body. Folate is another nutrient that is essential for the production of red blood cells.
- Aplastic anemia: This type of anemia is caused by a problem with the bone marrow, which is the tissue that produces red blood cells.
- Sickle cell anemia: This is a genetic condition that causes the red blood cells to be sickle-shaped. Sickle-shaped red blood cells are not able to carry oxygen as well as normal red blood cells.
- Thalassemia
- Chronic kidney disease
- Lead poisoning