The reasons why Muslims have looked to spiritual intermediaries

 

1) What are the reasons why Muslims have looked to spiritual intermediaries to connect them to God?

2) How Sufism was influential in pre-modern times?

3) What happened to Sufism in 19thand 20thcenturies?

4) What are the criticisms that have been directed at Sufism?

5) Is Sufism influential in contemporary Muslim world?

 

Sample Solution

The reasons why Muslim have looked to spiritual intermediaries

Islam, founded on individual and collective morality and responsibility, introduced a social revolution in the context in which it was first revealed. Collective morality is expressed in the Quran in such terms as equality, justice, fairness, brotherhood, mercy, compassion, solidarity, and freedom of choice. Leaders are responsible for the application of these principles and are accountable to God and man for their administration. Sufism (tasawwuf), mystical Islamic belief and practice in which Muslims seek to find the truth of divine love and knowledge through direct personal experience of God. By educating the masses and deepening the spiritual concerns of the Muslims, Sufism has played an important role in the formation of Muslim society.

t harder for people to survive off basic living needs, meaning more people are having to rely on food banks. The rollout of universal credit is also contributing to the large numbers of people having no choice but to turn to food banks. Universal credit has been put in place in the United Kingdom as a part of a social security payment scheme. This will affect the lives of those who are dependent on benefits; it will replace jobseeker’s allowance, housing benefits and so on. Approximately a fifty-two percent increase of food bank usage is due to the full rollout happening (Bulman, 2018). There is a significant amount of disabled people and those with mental health problems who are having to rely on food banks, this may be due to the fact their illness is seen as invisible and therefore not enough support is being provided for them. For example, benefit delays may impact them being able to actually afford to live or they may not even be getting the benefits they need and should be entitled to. Half of households that have referrals will include a person with a disability, and a third of households who have been refereed will include an individual suffering with a mental health condition (Morley, 2017). Overall, this suggests the government is not providing enough or the right amount of social protection for those suffering with a disability or mental illness.

In order to resolve this issue around the alarmingly high numbers of referrals to food banks, there must be improvements on benefit levels to align with inflation. This way, not as many people will feel the need to rely on food banks as cost of living will be more affordable. This will especially be the case for individuals suffering with disabilities and families with children who are highly reliant on food banks. Another thing is that local authorities should play a role in helping to tackle this issue; local authorities should provide a ‘Universal Support’ service. Improvements need to be made with administration with regards to Universal Credit in order to deal with errors that are taking place. This will help those who are claiming universal credit and are in desperate need of help. If this is not done it could play a huge role in ruining the lives of those in need help, such as disabled people and those with mental health problems. The future will mean that benefits are based on universal credit, which is why it is so important to ensure the cost of living assigns with inflation. To deal with this, costs of essentials should be made affordable to prevent more people from struggling. More than a third of parents, who are working full time, are earning less than the minimum wage, causing them to skip meals on a regular basis. To tackle this, businesses should play a role in helping those in need of help.

Businesses could provide more than just what the government is offering and commit to helping those in need (Bulman, 2018). For example, food wastage is getting worse in the United Kingdom; by the year 2030, the amount of food wasted in a year will increase by a third. 2.1 billion tonnes of food will be lost, thrown away, and so on, which is the same as sixty-six tonnes of food being thrown away each second (Ratcliffe, 2018). Therefore, if businesses even offered a bit of food to those in desperate need of food, food which they are just going to get rid of, then this will have a significant positive impact in the long run, especially if more and more businesses take part in this. Overall, this could play a vital in reducing the number of referrals that are made to foodbanks and will help contribute towards the bettering of society.

09.01.2019

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