As you watch the film, please answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each.
Questions:
1) Where is the site of Guila Naquitz located? What happened at this site, and why is it significant for
understanding the origins of Mesoamerican civilizations?
2) What is the relationship the rise of agriculture and the rise in warfare and conflict in the Valley of Oaxaca?
3) When was the site of San Jose Mogote founded, and why is it significant? What might Monument 3 at San
Jose Mogote tell you about the nature of the society at this site?
4) Who built the ancient city of Monte Alban? You do you think they put so much effort into building this citadel
on a hill?
5) According to archaeologist Alex Padillo, why are ballcourts so significant? What might Zapotec ballcourts
and the ball game have in common with contemporary sports, like basketball or soccer?
6) Why was obsidian such an important natural resource in ancient Mexico?
7) What evidence is there to suggest that the ancient state of Teotihuacan conquered large parts of central
Mexico and even influenced Maya civilization?
8) What do you think about the closing argument of the film, that war and civilization are forever intertwined?
Do you think the evidence presented in the films supports that idea?
Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration
The Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration was established by Mother Maria Theresia Bonzel. Mother Maria Theresia Bonzel was conceived on September 17, 1830, in Olpe Germany. She was brought up in a profoundly strict family and was normally idealistic and could beat extraordinary hindrances. As a kid, Maria was drawn toward strict life, and demonstrated her probability to pursue a strict based life. She would later turn into a part in the Third Order Secular. Mother Maria Theresia Bonzel had numerous minutes in which she had a calling, or felt strict life was intended for her. One of these numerous circumstances or occupations is the point at which she went to her first Holy Communion, during this fellowship she felt as though she had a calling from Christ to adjust to the life of the Gospel among the Franciscan way of life. She would keep on talking about this Holy Communion on account of the amount of an effect it had on her life. Sister Maria Theresia Bonzel had numerous different livelihoods, for example, her strategic in 1850 which at long last persuaded her to join the Third Secular Order. Moreover she became enthusiastic for strict life Cologne when she was considering Ursulines. Indeed, even with the incredible energy and a solid calling to God, Maria Theresia Bonzel confronted numerous snags before turning into a piece of strict life. She needed to persuade her mom to give her agree to turning into a piece of the strict life and she needed to battle through infection that had fallen upon her. In any case, these minutes had just fortified Maria’s strict convictions, as she felt God was close by. While Sister Maria Theresia made certain of her strict life and had focused on the Franciscan people group, she regularly wound up loaded up with uncertainty or lament, as she needed to live as per the Rule of St. Augustine. In any case, Sister Maria Theresia drove forward through the uncertainty and keeping in mind that regardless it waited inside her, she had made the “Poor Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration” with assistance from Klara Pfänder, Regina Löser, and others. Maria Theresia Bonzel died on February 6, 1905, and despite the fact that she had kicked the bucket, her heritage still lives on as she battled for her Congregation and ensured that it would succeed. Without Maria Theresia Bonzel propels in her own Order alongside other Women’s Orders might not have prevailing without her endeavors.
Moreover, the Order of the Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration fundamental objectives are to give administration of training, human services, and different issues, in Germany, the US, the Philippines, and Brazil. In any case, while it helps different nations the Order is brought together in Indiana, and loosens up to Chicago. The Order has kept going more than 150 years and is continually loaded up with supporters. It is regularly partaking in outside missions, sending training and human services to nations out of luck. In the 1890’s the Order had begun helping remote nations, for example, the Philippines and Province. The Order serves numerous territories in the Indiana territory and some in the Chicago region. Areas, for example, the Archdiocese of Indianapolis and the sees of Fort Wayne-South Bend, Lafayette, and Gary. These sisters have a solid nearness in Indiana, and are a solid piece of strict life in the state. All things considered, the Order is unified in Mishawaka, Indiana.
Second Order: Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate United States Province
The Missionary Oblates of Mary faultless was established by Eugene de Mazenod, who was a naturally introduced to the French Royal Bloodline. Mazenod was conceived in Aix-en-Provence in France in 1782. Eugene carried on an adolescence in a state of banishment because of his dad’s restriction to the upset. It was uniquely until he turned twenty years of age before he was discharged from banish. The resulted disorder from the French Revolution greatly affected Eugene. Eugene de Mazenods’ strict life was controlled and impacted by the shocking occasions that jumped out at his family and himself. Be that as it may, Eugene’s occupation was affected during his outcast. As in Italy, while experiencing a Priest and got notification from him, he was roused, and chose to turn into a minister too. Furthermore, two explicit graces had impacted Eugene to change. The first being the Grace of Conversion alongside a drive from without, which persuaded him to change into brotherhood. In the wake of encountering numerous snapshots of bitterness and powerlessness, Eugene chose to turn into a minister of poor people. Eugene had experienced numerous detainees of war and ruined youth fortified his need to take this cleric of the poor position. He knew about those enduring around him, and needed to make change utilizing strict life. At the point when initially turning into a cleric, Eugene denied a situation at a ward, he needed to accumulate a gathering of devotees and strict pioneers to work with him. The Missionaries of Provence were then conceived on January 25, 1816. Mazenod needed to mimic the accompanying Jesus had with his witnesses, so he requested that his siblings live respectively. He needed every one of them to take an interest and commit their lives to the strategic after those strict pledges that they had made toward strict life. On February 17, 1826, the Pope had at long last officially endorsed of the Congregation of the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate. Anyway significantly after the achievement of making the assemblage, as usual, Eugene experienced numerous contentions, one being him briefly losing his French citizenship. Nonetheless, Eugene endured and proceeded onward and had the option to proceed with his fruitful and strict life in the Order of the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate, the Order that he established. He proceeded with his life as a major aspect of the assembly and proceeded to accomplish more with the Order. Eugene de Mazenod then passed on May 21, 1861, his last words to the Oblates being, “Practice well among yourselves philanthropy, philanthropy, philanthropy, and outside, enthusiasm for the salvation of spirits.” Additionally, the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate are as yet an enormous request today, with 4000 Oblates altogether, with 600 in development, most being prepared in Africa. The Oblates are available in six mainlands and sixty nations, and are serving the poor in whatever number places as could reasonably be expected. The Oblates are not particular explicitly in one sort of mission work. They are known to help the poor in nations/landmasses like Africa, North America, Asia, Europe, Latin America, and Australia. In any case, they additionally instruct and do different sorts of mission work. The Oblates base their lives off the network of Apostles and Jesus. The Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate are brought together in Belleville, Illinois. The request centers around teacher work and offering back to those out of luck, particularly universally, individuals give assistance to different nations. Also, the request offers back to zones in North America, for example, states like Indiana, Illinois, Texas, and numerous others. For the most part just to help those out of luck, as North America is one of the puts in that the Request supplies help. The Oblates have just gone to serious catastrophes like Haiti, and added to the recreation. They additionally are known to help those deprived in New Orleans, keep an eye on the wiped out, and even instruct the expression of God in remote spots like Zambia. With 4000 Missionaries, the Oblates likewise prefer to give assistance to the individuals who are stuck in risky nations that are constrained by war. The Oblates principally go on crucial, they’ve just gone on Mission trips everywhere throughout the world, and their fundamental objective in life is to help those out of luck.