TOWARDS THE BEGINNING

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1. TOWARDS THE BEGINNING
a. Choose a company which is publicly traded and have at least two years of trading history and two sets of financial statements.
b. Collect the relevant data for analysis and interpretation based on the below guidelines.
2. AVOID THE FOLLOWING:
a. Money losing companies
b. Financial Service Companies
c. Real estate investment trusts
3. ANALYZE THE FOLLOWING:
a. Investing and Financing Techniques (CLO 1)
i. What type of financing is the firm using? Short term or long term or any other possible features?
ii. Is there a distinctive project for this firm? If yes, what does it look like in terms of life (long term or short term), investment needs and cash flow patterns?
b. Financial Market Effects (CLO 2)
i. How does this firm interact with financial markets?
ii. How do markets get information on the firm?
c. Capital Budgeting and Cost of Capital (CLO 4)
i. Based upon the cost of capital approach, what is the optimal debt ratio for your firm?
ii. Bringing in reasonable constraints into the decision process, what would your recommended debt ratio be for this firm?
d. Debt financing and capital structure (CLO 3)
i. Does your firm has too much or too little of debt, relative to the sector or relative to the market?
ii. Given the current characteristics of the firm, how would you recommend that they disburse cash to shareholders?

Sample Solution

osophers are now discussing if automatics should be programmed to kill in extreme situations, especially self-driving cars. The companies and the engineers for the driverless cars are now participating in studies of morality, to see who the car should kill when the brake does not work. Surveys about this question are put on a website called Moral Machine and people around the world are all taking part in the surveys. Yet the results have much diversity around the world, according to Maxmen (2018), and only some moral standards are shared globally, such as saving humans in the price of pets. Most people choose to save the most, which is quite a utilitarian decision, and it is acceptable in Edmonds’ (2018) opinion. He thinks “when it comes to machines we will be more tolerant of their making utilitarian decisions.” At the same time, deontologists refuse to make immoral choices in this case that is similar to the trolley problem. Edmond(2018) further argues as humans we still have some deontological sets of mind, that in instinct we would not be willing to use human to save a human. The Kantian theorists explain that it is always the best to stop the car instead of hitting someone. In this case, utilitarianism does seem more practical because decisions have to be made, whether moral or not, but deontology reminds us these situations are extremely rare. The self-driving car problem shows the same debate philosophers had as the trolley problems, and morality seems even more complicated when it is applied to the real possible problems.

Despite the argument, there are some areas where utilitarians and deontologists reach to agreement with different perspective but the same conclusion. One of these issues is meat-consuming. Both theories state that it is immoral to eat meat out of different reasons. Bentham, the father of utilitarianism mentioned before, has a famous quote that is often used to defend animal right: “The question is not, Can they reason? Nor, Can they talk? but, Can they suffer?” (McGregor, 2018) in utilitarianism, animal can suffer. In order to reach the maximised happiness, suffering should be re

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