Sample Solution

Arboviruses are a group of viruses spread by arthropods, typically mosquitoes or ticks. Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE), Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) viruses are members of the genus Alphavirus of the family Togaviridae. All three viruses are classified as alphaviruses present in the Americas andare present in the Americas (Arechiga-Ceballos & Aguilar-Setien, 2015). Many species of birds serve as natural reservoirs for these viruses and will become ill after being bitten by a mosquito carrying the virus. Horses may also be affected directly if bitten by an infected mosquito, though this is more rare than exposure from contact within their own environment or contaminated feed sources. To reduce risk of infection it is important to take preventive steps such as avoiding standing water where mosquitoes breed; using insect repellent regularly; wearing long sleeves/pants when outdoors; and controlling animal populations, especially birds near horse stables or other areas frequented by horses.