Federalist 10 was published on November 23, 1787 by James Madison under the name of “Publius”, he’s making a reference to one of the ancient Roman aristocrats who overthrew the Roman kingdom in the late sixth century to establish a Roman Republic, this can be viewed as he is seeing himself and other federalists as trying to establish a strong Republic. Just like Brutus I, it’s addressed to the people of the State of New York. He’s trying to convince them, to support the U.S. Constitution. Thought-out the paper he explains that a well-constructed union needs to be able to control the violence of a faction. It is stating the problems of faction, majority rule, overrunning minorities or the rights of the minorities.
He thinks that a participatory democracy is not good, his definition of republic it’s a situation where you have the people represented by others. He mentions that if you take the public views and passed them to the medium of a chosen body of citizens, that these people might represent the public good better than the people themselves, this makes him be very pro elite democracy, in which you have a very limited number of people who are really participating. He states that no matter how large your republic is you are going to need a certain number of representatives, that if you have a small number of representatives then they’re just going to be able to control everything, but if you have too many representatives it’s just going to be confusing. He means that in a large republic you’re more likely to find fit and good representatives that you will in a smaller republic. In a way he wants people who he considers to be elite.
He mentions that the Constitution offers a balance, you can have the people participating at the national level who are interested in the great and aggregate interest, in fact he’d probably prefer that they aren’t attached to what is happening at home, their local interests, but the local interests could be focused at the state legislatures which the Constitution provides for. He also believes that the republican government can better govern a large population than a pure democracy, and that if you have a small society, you aren’t going to have enough pluralism, you aren’t going to have enough points of view, that it will be easy, because people will be aligned for a majority to take over and infringe on the rights of a minority by this we can infer that he’s pro pluralism, he wants to see a large society with different points of views. This is the exact opposite of what Brutus 1 argues for, which is that Brutus 1 argues that pluralism is a bad thing, that people are just going to be arguing the whole time, and the decisions aren’t going to be made. Brutus 1 argues that in a republic, people should be of roughly the same opinion and interest. While in Federalist 10 James Madison argues that pluralism is a good thing, it’s a check overwhelming faction, a check on majority rule. And in order to have a l