why are crimes involving children disproportionately included among no-crime wrongful convictions? And, in your own words, why might it be especially difficult to identify wrongful convictions in cases where no crime actually occurred? Elaborate. And, in your opinion, should there be consequences for officials—arson investigators, police officers, etc.—who make errors that lead to no-crime wrongful convictions? Fully elaborate. Next, suppose you are a social scientist designing a survey for research on the judiciary and wrongful convictions. What kinds of questions would you ask the judges participating in your survey? Would your questions differ for trial court judges and appellate judges? Why or why not? Also, in your opinion, if someone who is paroled from prison for a sex crime has strong claims of innocence, but has not been fully pardoned or exonerated, should he or she still be required to register as a sex offender? Take a position either way and fully defend it. Also, if an exoneree “contributes to” his or her own conviction by falsely confessing or pleading guilty to a crime, should this person be entitled to monetary compensation by the state, if it later determined to be a wrongful conviction. Elaborate. Next, after reflecting upon Chapter Eleven and Twelve, as well as all of the material we have covered throughout the semester, provide at least one original suggestion as to how society can help exonerees rebuild their broken family relationships, overcome stigma, and confront other challenges. Be creative, yet realistic. Finally, how will the information you learned from this course help you during your career? Please be specific.
There can be no doubt about it: young people are simply more likely to be wrongfully convicted than adults. There are many reasons for this, many of which are rooted in the special developmental vulnerabilities of children. Children and teenagers are categorically more suggestible, compliant, and vulnerable to outside pressures than adults. They are less able to weigh risks and consequences; less likely to understand their legal rights; and less likely to understand what attorneys can help them. False confession are one of the leading causes of wrongful convictions. The witnesses presented against children are often children themselves. The same interrogation tactics that can cause youthful suspects to falsely confess, however, can also cause youthful witnesses to falsely implicate their peers.
sector. They have been accompanying academic institutions for some years now, particularly in higher education (Adedoyin & Soykan, 2020; Kopp et al., 2019; Leszczyński et al., 2018). Meaning, even before the dawn of the pandemic, VLEs have been commonly integrated in the tertiary level curriculum, and college students are more than likely familiar with e-learning.
On the other hand, it must be noted that the familiarity with VLEs and e-learning is hardly observed in secondary education students prior to the pandemic. In fact, limited knowledge even exists about how much or for which purposes K-12 students have used devices and technology up until this point. Garcia and Weiss (2020) point out the results from Bettinger and Loeb’s 2017 study on online learning. Based on said results, while students spent extensive time online prior to the pandemic, that time was heavily spent on social activities, browsing or seeking information, playing games, or accessing email (Garcia & Weiss, 2020). It is clear from this observation that information and communications technology is not being maximized to its full potential in learning by students even before the shift towards online education.
A noticeable trend in the space of VLEs is the development of Open Source Course Management Systems, an example of which is Moodle (Petrova, 2005). According to Nagi and Suesawaluk (2008), Moodle is a license free open source software platform. This entails that Moodle may be used, redistributed, or modified according to the requirement of the user completely for free (Nagi & Suesawaluk, 2008). Meaning, academic institutions and teachers may alter the default source code of Moodle to their desired specifications without paying fees to Moodle’s original creator for using their software. Subsequently, this allows educators the benefit of having full control over the features used as well as their own student and teacher data.
According to Boskin (2020), the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown caused a major recession from which global economies are only expected to recover by late 2022, and that is only if a vaccine becomes available in the market. Furthermore, the shutdown of schools, compounded by the associated public health and economic crises, poses complicated challenges to students’ learning. Thus, Moodle’s affordability helps bring VLE, LMS, and CMS technology within the reach of students and teachers with limited technical and financial resources. Especially during the economic decline brought about by the pandemic, Moodle’s license-free software platform eliminates the digital divide between privileged and the disadvantaged students due to its low cost. Its accessibility for all may also be the primary reason for its wide popularity, even b