Question 1: A design team tries to design the next generation of autonomous cars. The engineers reported that the key component “Light Detection and Ranging” (LiDAR) is still not mature. They may not know how accurate it can be and its feasibility to be used in autonomous cars. Under this situation, which engineering design process model, e.g., Waterfall, Vee, Cycle, or Spiral models, do you use? Why?

Question 2: Consider the design of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. Which diagram, method, or approach you will use?
Note: The answer to each sub-question should be the name of a diagram (e.g., SysML activity diagram), a method (e.g., functional decomposition), an approach (e.g., object-oriented design process), or any description (e.g., vision statement or transition plan). Please don’t model it. The answer should be just a name of a diagram, a method, an approach or some description.
Here is one example: Question: Describe the procedure that the users will use the UPS in their daily life. Answer: SysML Activity Diagram
1) Define the description that the customers accept.
2) Consider the UPS as a black box and analyze its input/output flows.
3) Define the interactions that the UPS should have from the views of connected computers and users.
4) Describe the domain of the backup power systems.
5) Define the goal of my new UPS that I will design.
6) Identify the key issues of my previous design
7) Define the timeline of developing fast charging and durable capabilities.
8) Define a possible idea for the UPS that we will design

Question 3: Two use case diagrams (“Use Case Diagram 1” and “Use Case Diagram 2”) are shown below:
(a) Check their diagram frame. What are the elements in a diagram frame?
(b) What is the difference between the diagram frame of “Use Case Diagram 1” and “Use Case Diagram 2”? What does it mean?
(c) Check the process of stage 1 (“analyzing the needs”) of the object-oriented design process. When do you use the diagram frame similar to “Use Case Diagram 1”? When do you use the diagram frame similar to “Use Case Diagram 2”? Why?

Question 4: Please identify all modeling errors in the following SysML BDD

Question 5: One elementary school has adopted digital learning to their k-5 kids since 2018. All kids can be either at home or in the classroom as chosen by their parents. The teachers must broadcast from the school. The school did a survey one year after implementing digital learning. The results showed that the parents’ overall satisfaction is low. As a systems engineer, please apply the cause-and-effect analysis to identify the root causes.