Database schema

 

 

A schema is a logical grouping of database objects, such as tables, indexes, views, and queries that are related to each other.

To complete Part 2 of the Database Project Proposal assignment, write a 750-1,000-word essay that contains the following information:

Restate your database project; describe its goal and objectives.
Describe the purpose of the database schema for your project.
Write out the process associated with your business rules relating to your database.
Create a data dictionary that contains no less than five entities. Select and design an entity-relationship diagram (Crow, Chen, UML); Note: There are a variety of ER modeling software programs on the market. Microsoft Visio, OmniGraffle, LucidChart, and MySQL are few of these programs that provide free trials to create entity-relationship diagrams. In addition, you can simply create diagrams by utilizing Microsoft Word, PowerPoint Shapes, or SmartArt.
Focus on one or two areas of your design that seemed especially difficult to develop and provide a brief assessment of the difficulty you encountered in modeling.
Discuss the project’s limitations and possible extensions.
This is an ongoing project and feedback from the instructor at every stage will help you to improve your final project.

Sample Solution

A database schema is a skeleton structure that represents the database’s logical view. It specifies how data is arranged and how relationships between them are linked. It specifies all of the constraints to be imposed to the data.
The entities in a database schema, as well as their relationships, are defined by the schema. It contains a description of the database that may be visualized using schema diagrams. The schema is created by database designers to aid programmers in understanding and making use of the database. It is critical that we distinguish between these two terms. The backbone of a database is its schema. It’s created in the case that the database doesn’t exist at all.

t. For instance, based on maximising wellbeing if doctors took decisions to use one persons organs to save five other people that would cause people to not trust care givers. There would be no trust that people are obeying rules if the comman man would just make decisions that allowed any kind of violations of law or cheating for sake of maximising good.

Bernard Williams argued consequentialism required impartiality which focuses on consequences of action and this requirement deprives an individual of their own integrity because the concept of utilitarianism doesn’t differentiate in a person themselves bringing about an outcome vs someone else producing an outcome.

Practically rule consequentialism proves to maximise utility in situations such as traffic rules. It would be safer if everyone followed rules like ‘no drunk driving or speed limit.’ Hence its safer to follow rule utility over act utility in such cases. Act utility would give room for individuals to determine the best action.

A rule based system leads to greater overall utility because people are capable of having bad judgement. Having specific rules to follow maximizes utility by not relying on the drivers’ judgments that could possibly endanger others or themselves too. For instance, based on an individual drivers’ judgements not following the road stop signs over some emergency could endanger many. The stop sign would distinctly set the rule and tell drivers to stop and does not allow them to calculate whether it would be better to stop or not.

Rule consequentialism avoids criticisms of act consequentialism. According to critics, act consequentialism approves of actions that can be wrong, undermine justice, undermine basic trust among people, and its demanding because it requires people to make sacrifices.

Rule consequentialists avoids underming trust because they do not evaluate individual actions

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