Adverse Childhood Experiences

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Prior to starting this discussion, please explore Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)site., Finding Your ACE Score for the client you selected in the Week 1 Choose Your Client discussion forum. Complete it based on what you have been able to find out about your client’s childhood and whether your client experienced any of the events detailed in the questionnaire.

Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Please elaborate on the following as you complete your discussion:

Provide your client’s ACE score. Keep in mind that the higher the score, the greater the likelihood of negative outcomes in adulthood.
Evaluate your client’s ACE score using examples of trauma experienced in childhood. If your client had no childhood trauma, or you were unable to locate any credible information about your client to answer the ACE questions, please provide general examples of the types of adverse childhood experiences that may lead to negative outcomes as adults.
Examine how childhood trauma influences criminality in adulthood.
Why should the community be concerned about minimizing adverse childhood experiences?
Client : Ted Bundy

Sample Solution

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) studies have been shown to be associated with increased risk of negative outcomes during adulthood. These negative outcomes range from potential violence, victimization, health problems, to stability issues that they carry on throughout their life. Child abuse and neglect have been shown to increase the risk of later forms of antisocial behavior, including violence perpetration and crime in adulthood. Experiencing physical, sexual, or emotional abuse (referred to as trauma) during childhood is known to have predictable immediate and distal impacts on personality development (Miller-Perrin C., Perrin R. 2007; Stavrianos et al., 2011). Rates of childhood and adult trauma are notably elevated among incarcerated men.

Thirdly, Vittola argues that war should be avoided (Begby et al (2006b), Page 332) and that we should proceed circumstances diplomatically. This is supported by the “last resort” stance in Frowe, where war should not be permitted unless all measures to seek diplomacy fails (Frowe (2011), Page 62). This means war shouldn’t be declared until one party has no choice but to declare war, in order to protect its territory and rights, the aim of war. However, we can also argue that the war can never be the last resort, given there is always a way to try to avoid it, like sanctions or appeasement, showing Vittola’s theory is flawed.
Fourthly, Vittola questions upon whose authority can demand a declaration of war, where he implies any commonwealth can go to war, but more importantly, “the prince” where he has “the natural order” according to Augustine, and all authority is given to him. This is further supported by Aristotle’s Politics ((1996), Page 28): ‘a king is the natural superior of his subjects.’ However, he does later emphasise to put all faith in the prince is wrong and has consequences; a thorough examination of the cause of war is required along with the willingness to negotiate rival party (Begby et al (2006b), Page 312& 318). This is supported by the actions of Hitler are deemed unjustly. Also, in today’s world, wars are no longer fought only by states but also non-state actors like Al-Queda and ISIS, showing Vittola’s normative claim on authority is outdated. This is further supported by Frowe’s claim that the leader needs to represent the people’s interests, under legitimate authority, which links on to the fourth condition: Public declaration of war. Agreed with many, there must be an official announcement on a declaration of war (Frowe (2011), Page 59-60&63).

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