Appraising the Literature

For the DNP-prepared nurse, it is important to hone skills related to reviewing and evaluating research literature to implement evidence-based practices. As you examine epidemiological research, in particular, it is essential to ask, “What are the strengths and weakness of the research method(s)? Are the data analysis and interpretation sound? Is there any evidence of bias?” This Discussion provides you and your colleagues valuable practice in critically analyzing research literature.

With this week’s Learning Resources in mind, reflect on the importance of analyzing epidemiological research studies.
Critically appraise the Oppenheimer (2010) and Elliott, Smith, Penny, Smith and Chambers (1999) articles presented in the Learning Resources using Appendix A in Epidemiology for Public Health Practice as a guide.
Determine the strengths and weaknesses of the research methods and data analysis of each study.
Ask yourself, “Is any bias evident in either study? What did the researchers do to control for potential bias?”
Finally, consider the importance of data interpretation in epidemiologic literature and the issues that may arise if potential confounding factors are not considered.

Sample Solution

There were a few criminological markers that specialists used to attach Gacy to the homicides. A portion of these include fiber examination, dental and radiology records, utilizing the decay procedure of the human body, and facial recreation in distinguishing the people in question. Specialists discovered strands that looked like human hair in both Gacy’s vehicle and close to the creep space where the bodies were covered. Notwithstanding these hair tests, specialists additionally discovered strands that contained hints of Gacy’s blood and semen in a similar zone. Blood having a place with the casualties was found on a portion of the strands, which would later straightforwardly attach Gacy to the violations. The strands in Gacy’s vehicle were investigated by legal researchers and coordinated Piest’s hair tests. Besides, the hunt hounds that confirmed that Piest had been in Gacy’s vehicle demonstrated this by a “demise response”, which told specialists that Piest’s dead body had been within Gacy’s vehicle.

Out of Gacy’s 33 known casualties, just 25 were ever convincingly recognized. A large number of Gacy’s casualties had comparable physical portrayals and were along these lines hard to distinguish by absolutely asking general society. To distinguish the people in question, specialists went to Betty Pat Gatliff, a pioneer in measurable science and facial reproduction. Facial remaking is the way toward reproducing the facial highlights of a person by utilizing their remaining parts. Certain facial highlights, for example, facial structures, nasal structure, and generally face shape can be valuable in recognizing a casualty even long in the afterlife. By utilizing these highlights, and with the assistance of program, criminological specialists can make a picture of an individual’s face, which is instrumental in distinguishing casualties after their bodies have rotted. Facial reproduction should be possible in a few measurements.

Two-dimensional facial reproductions is utilized with skull radiographs and depend on pre-passing photos and data. In any case, this isn’t really perfect on the grounds that cranial highlights are not constantly unmistakable or at the correct scale (Downing). So as to get a sensible and progressively exact depi

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