Arterial blood gases ABG

 

1. Contrast signs and symptoms with client diagnostic tests in hypothetical situations to promote quality and safe care to diverse populations. Ess. II

2. Contrast protective and predictive factors, including genetics, that influence the health of individuals and populations. Ess. 7th

3. Identify risk factors considering health / disease beliefs, values, attitudes and practices of individuals and populations. Ess. 7th

Mr. Arroyo is a 65-year-old man diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, hyperparathyroidism, and normochromic macrocytic anemia. The patient reports that he has not been able to get out of bed for 2 days, feels weak, fatigued, has tachycardia, poor skin turgor and muscle pain. He has had a severe cold and has been unable to eat or drink during this time. On admission his lab values ​​reflected the following:

1. Serum glucose 310 mg/dl

2. Serum sodium (Na+) 150 mEq/l

3. Serum potassium (K+) 5.8 mEq/l

4. Calcium 12mg/dl

5. Phosphorus 2.5 mg/dl

6. Hgb 9g/dL

7. MCV 105 fL

8. Arterial blood gases ABG, pH 7.2, PaCO2 32 mmHg, PaO2 70 mmHg, HCO3- 20 mEq/l

reflective questions

1. What type of water and solute imbalance does Mr. Arroyo have?

2. What conditions does the patient have?

3. What symptoms do you expect to find?

4. What questions would you ask the patient to validate your findings?

5. What would be the appropriate treatment?

6. What do his ABG results indicate?

Sample Solution

An arterial blood gas (ABG) test is a blood test that requires a sample from an artery in your body to measure the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in your blood. The test also checks the balance of acids and bases, known as the pH balance, in your blood. Your body normally tightly regulates the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in your blood, because low blood oxygen levels (hypoxemia) can lead to many serious conditions and damage to individual organ systems, especially your brain and heart. Arterial blood gas tests can help healthcare providers interpret conditions that affect your respiratory system, circulatory system and metabolic processes, especially in emergency situations.

The Constitution of India has accomplished an extraordinary work in giving equity in instances of orientation based imbalance by organizing different arrangements in the preeminent rule that everyone must follow. The Constitution of India enables the state to make strides of positive segregation for the improvement for status of ladies. The prelude of our Constitution of India underlines uniformity of status in all terms of social, monetary and political equity. The actual Preamble considers ladies as a class and allows the sanctioning and execution of regulations inclining toward ladies. Different arrangements have been set down in the constitution for working on the social states of ladies. A portion of the fundamental arrangements can be laid as follows:-

Key RIGHTS:- “Part III of the Constitution contains a considerable rundown of basic privileges. This part of the Constitution of India has very much been depicted as the Magna Carta of India.” These essential privileges give a governmental policy regarding minorities in society for ladies.

Article 14 of the Constitution of India discusses balance being given to individuals inside the domain of India. This article guarantees correspondence under the steady gaze of regulation as well as equivalent security of regulations. The arrangement of this article in the Constitution of India is checked significant for ladies as it gives equivalent lawful security to them against any ladies based wrongdoing. This article additionally empowers the presentation and execution of different regulations or different regulations for giving security and requirement of ladies’ legitimate privileges.

Article 15 of the Constitution of India guarantees that no individual will be separated on the grounds of religion, race, standing, sex, spot of birth or some other ground for segregation. Clause(1) of this article underlines basically on the restriction of separation on the ground of sex. Clause(3) is viewed as of much pertinence in safeguarding ladies against segregation as it enables the state to make extraordinary arrangement for ladies and make agreed separation for ladies. A differed part of separation occurred against ladies in before times, yet these were slowly nullified on the presentation

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