Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which a single organism produces offspring that are genetically identical to itself. This can happen through a variety of mechanisms, such as budding, fragmentation, or regeneration. Asexual reproduction is common in single-celled organisms, but it can also occur in some multicellular organisms, such as plants and some animals.
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which two organisms, called gametes, combine to produce offspring. The gametes are haploid, meaning they contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent organism. When the gametes combine, they form a diploid zygote, which contains the full number of chromosomes. The zygote then undergoes mitosis to produce new cells, which eventually develop into an organism.
Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. Mitosis is responsible for growth, repair, and cell replacement in multicellular organisms. It is also the process by which gametes are produced in sexually reproducing organisms.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces four daughter cells that are haploid. Meiosis is responsible for the production of gametes in sexually reproducing organisms. It is also involved in the process of genetic recombination, which is the mixing of genes from two parents.
Diploid cells contain two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Haploid cells contain only one set of chromosomes. In humans, diploid cells have 46 chromosomes, while haploid cells have 23 chromosomes.
Gametes are haploid cells that are produced by meiosis. They are the reproductive cells of an organism. In humans, the gametes are sperm and eggs.
Fertilization is the process by which a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell. This process results in the formation of a zygote, which is a diploid cell that contains the genetic material from both parents.
Zygote is the first cell of a new organism. It is formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell. The zygote then undergoes mitosis to produce new cells, which eventually develop into an organism.
Syngamy is the fusion of two gametes to form a zygote. This is the first step in sexual reproduction.
Blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells that forms early in development. It is made up of an inner cell mass and an outer layer of cells. The inner cell mass will eventually become the embryo, while the outer layer of cells will become the placenta.
