Birth Journal

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You may (a) consult with your parents about your own birth, (b) interview a new parent about their birth experience, or (c) consider the birth of your child. Please discuss the following in your journal response:

Describe the events leading up to the delivery. Where did the delivery take place and who was present? Were any specific techniques or medications used?
What were the first weeks at home like? Were there any difficulties, problems, or adjustments? Describe a typical day at home during the first weeks after the baby was born.
If possible, write about the first year of life for the baby. Were they breastfed or bottle-fed and when were they introduced to solid food? How old were they when they: rolled over, sat up, crawled, cruised, walked along?
What were some of the baby’s favorite toys, first words, and favorite books? What games or activities did they like to play?
Was there more than one language spoken at home? What other cultural influences influenced life in the home?
How would you describe the child’s temperament? Were they an easy child, a difficult child, or a slow-to-warm-up child? If there are siblings, how different or similar were the individual temperaments?

Sample Solution

Birth Journal

Birth, also called parturition, is the process of bringing forth a child from the uterus, or womb. Early in labour, uterine contractions, or labour pains occur at intervals of 20 to 30 minutes and last about 40 seconds. They are then accompanied by slight pain, which usually is felt in the small of the back. About the time that the cervix becomes fully dilated, the amnion breaks, and the force of the involuntary uterine contractions may be augmented by voluntary bearing-down efforts of the mother. Then the child is born. Pain experienced in childbirth can be reduced or relieved by psychoprophylaxis, systematic drugs, regional nerve blocks, or a combination of those methods. The first weeks at home with a new baby can be awkward and scary. Your newborn will sleep most of the time, waking up every few hours to feed. Most newborns feed every 2-4 hours.

country for migrants for decades. Today it is increasingly becoming only a transit country due to its proximity to Europe and internal situation. This paper aims to assess and provide policy recommendations on the current migration situation in Libya and economic migrants will be the main focus. First, an overview of the current situation in Libya will be provided, second, the main issues of migration in Libya namely the overall security situation, the high numbers of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), along with the human rights and smuggling and trafficking issues will be outlined. Third, some of the main policies in place to manage migration in Libya will be explained and analysed. Before concluding, recommendations of policies that the European Union (EU) could implement will be made.

Migrants from Africa and the Middle East have used Libya as a key migration path known as the central Mediterranean route, as its west coast is only 350km away from Malta and Lampedusa in Italy. Following the outbreak of the Libyan civil war in 2014, the centralised government collapsed and was replaced by two ruling entities in Tripoli and Tobruk. The partition resulted in several ungoverned areas and in an inefficient government structure which enhanced the use of Libya as a transit country and triggered the increase of smuggling and human rights violations. The main factors explaining the widespread migration in Libya, include the border policies with sub-Saharan Africa, humanitarian crises in nearby countries, the strength of smuggling networks, the weakness of the Libyan state and the country’s security situation. At the beginning of the Syrian civil war, many of the migrants crossing Libya were Syrian refugees. Many of them have now shifted to the eastern Mediterranean route, and been replaced by migrants mainly from Egypt and the Sahel region such as Niger, Chad and Sudan, where instability and violence have been a constant or from Nigeria where smuggling networks and Boko Haram operate (See figures 1 and 2). These ‘new’ migrants’ reasons to move vary from hunger, violence, environmental degradation, to lack of opportunities. They are generally labelled as economic migrants due to lack of persecution or discrimination and are hence not considered refugees. C

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