In a nutshell, Buddhism developed from the teachings of the Buddha, a teacher who lived in northern India. In ancient India, “Buddha” referred to an enlightened being who has awakened from ignorance and has already achieved freedom form suffering. It is often debated in the religious community whether or not Buddhism is categorized as a religion or as a philosophical teaching. The answer is, it is both. There are three major types of Buddhism practiced in the world (Theravada, Mahayana and Vajrayana), some of them having smaller branches with slight variations in their beliefs and teachings.
l composers to create an opera or a concert, draw inspiration from a variety of elements of everyday life and not only. In this effort, musicians were forced to borrow concepts from philosophy and science.
Stochastic Music has been a basic tool in the composition of Xenakis. Xenakis, in order to achieve this process, used mathematical theories, such as probabilities, game theory, set theory and algebraic operations. [Ioannis Xenakis, 2001]
I.4. Architectural Tools
As in music and architecture, we meet specific rules that architects apply to their designs. Many rules are consciously imposed by the creator, and only the simple concepts that are considered as corresponding to those in the music are analyzed below.
These concepts are either the overall logic of the building or just a small part of it. Correspondingly, counterpoint can be an entire piece of music or a tool for creating a piece of music. The basic concept in both cases is that of symmetry.
Architecture uses symmetry regardless of culture or time period. There are many kinds of symmetry, many kinds of architecture, and many ways of reading an architectural project, meaning that the meaning of the concept is lost. The symmetry modes and their role in design are highlighted.
Repeat – Symmetry
Most types of symmetry show the concepts of repetition and similarity, while the lack of one means removal or even asymmetry. [David Wade, 2006]
Adding a third party and arranging them in sequence give a sense of pattern and repetition. Symmetry is held from the moment that the elements and their placement remain consistent.
Such devices are found in functional roles, such as brick walls and roof tiles.
Symmetry on a shaft
It is the most common form of symmetry that occurs in architecture. There are two types (Bilateral – Chiral), which both are the same and where they are not. [Kim Williams, 1998]
Bilateral: This kind of symmetry on a pivot is on the face of the Pantheon in Rome.
Chiral: A good example to understand is our hands and the architecture of St. Peter’s Square
