Case C: Compulsive Accessories, Inc. (Billing Process)

 

 

Compulsive Accessories manufactures and sells speakers, headphones, and related items to retail stores. Completed orders (goods and attached sales order) are received in the shipping department from the factory floor. The shipping clerk keys the sales order number into the computer in the shipping department. The computer accesses the sales order on the sales order master data and displays the open sales order. After determining that the correct sales order has been displayed, the shipping clerk keys in the items and quantities being shipped. The clerk reviews the shipment data and, if correct, accepts the input. (Note: The remainder of the shipment process is beyond the scope of this case narrative.) After the shipment data has been accepted, the computer updates the sales order master data to reflect the shipment, creates and records an invoice on the accounts receivable master data, and prints an invoice, in three parts, on the printer in the billing office. A billing clerk signs the invoice, mails copies 1 and 2 to the customer, and files copy 3 by customer name.

Prepare a table of entities and activities.
Draw a physical data flow diagram using LucidChart.
Draw a systems flowchart, annotated with both present and missing controls using LucidChart.
Prepare a completed control matrix. Make sure to assign controls to specific goals.
Provide a 1 page analysis of the case. This analysis should include a conclusion on whether the process, as described, is efficient and effective. Use the results of steps 1-4 to support your conclusions.

 

Sample Solution

With cancer currently one of the most fatal diseases in the world, it is important to develop effective methods of detection and treatment, which would allow for quick diagnosis and efficient treatment that is of little discomfort to patients. Gold nanostructures with near infrared absorption may be the most promising solution, due to their ability to selectively destroy tumour tissue when coupled with laser light, and their potential to be applied in imaging as a contrast agent. This review will discuss the methods of synthesizing various gold nanostructures and the studies in which they have been applied in potentially treating cancer.

Cancer can be defined as the “abnormal growth of cells”,1 a result of changes in the cells’ genetic information so that they can no longer carry out the appropriate functions. When cancer cells grow in a mass together, it is referred to as a tumour and this can be either benign or malignant – benign tumours being those which do not affect nearby cells, and malignant tumours being those which will affect other cells, by a process known as “metastasis”. A tumour is defined as being benign or malignant based on the results of a biopsy, a method of examining the tumour by removing a small piece of it. Benign tumours are easier to treat through surgically removing them, due to the fact they are “self-contained”; malignant tumours, however, can affect the cells and tissue around them and so are far more difficult to treat.2 Currently, cancer is second only to heart disease as the most fatal disease in the US.3 Early detection is important to ensure that the treatment is as effective as possible – however, traditional methods need in excess of one million cells to detect the cancer, which does not allow for the early diagnosis that is desirable.4
Photothermal therapy using nanoparticles is a method for the treatment of cancer and, in particular, tumours. Compared to surgical methods, photothermal therapy has the ability to penetrate tumours in otherwise difficult to reach areas, and is non-invasive, so of less discomfort to the patient.5 The use of heat in the treatment of tumours is not a new concept (it has been used as early as 1700BC); however it is not without its disadvantages. Although tumours have a lower heat tolerance than

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