Sandra, a 47-year-old divorced woman, received a diagnosis of stage 3 ovarian cancer 4 years ago, for which she had a total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo- oophorectomy, omentectomy, lymphadenectomy, and tumor debulking followed by chemotherapy, consisting of cisplatin (Platinol), paclitaxel (Taxol), and doxorubicin (Adriamycin). She did well for 2 years and then moved back to her hometown near her family and underwent three more rounds of second- line chemotherapy. She accepted a less stressful job, bought a house, renewed old friendships, and became more involved with her two sisters and their families.
Sandra developed several complications, including metastasis to the lungs. Then she could no longer work, drive, or care for herself. She had been told by her oncologist that there was nothing else that could be done and that she should consider entering a hospice. She met her attorney and prepared an advance directive and completed her will. She decided to have hospice care at home and, with the help of her family, set up her first floor as a living and sleeping area. She was cared for by family members around the clock for approximately 3 days.
Sandra observed that she was tiring everyone out so much that they could not really enjoy each other’s company. At this time, she contacted the Visiting Nurse Association (VNA) to seek assistance. Her plan was to try to enjoy her family and friend’s visits. After assessment, the VNA nurse prioritized her problems to include fatigue and caregiver role strain. Other potential problem areas that may need to be incorporated into the care plan include anticipatory grieving and impaired comfort.
Reflective Questions
1. What are some of the stresses on Sandra’s middle-aged sisters and their families?
2. What resources are available to manage these stresses and support the sisters while
caring for their dying sister Sandra?
3. Describe Sandra’s feelings about dependency and loss of autonomy because she is
unable to do her own activities of daily living any longer
Sandra’s middle-aged sisters and their families are facing a number of stresses as they care for their dying sister. These stresses can include:
Resources to Manage Stress and Support the Sisters
There are a number of resources available to help the sisters manage the stress of caring for Sandra. These resources include:
Sandra’s Feelings About Dependency and Loss of Autonomy
Sandra is likely feeling a range of emotions about her dependency and loss of autonomy. She may be feeling angry, frustrated, and helpless. She may also be feeling sad, scared, and lonely. It is important to allow Sandra to express her feelings and to be there for her as she copes with this difficult time.
The VNA nurse can help Sandra to manage her feelings by providing her with emotional support and helping her to find resources that can help her to cope. The nurse can also help Sandra to set realistic goals for herself and to make the most of her remaining time.
It is also important to remember that Sandra is still a person, even though she is dying. She still has thoughts, feelings, and needs. It is important to treat her with respect and dignity, even as she becomes more dependent on others.