Common causes of failure in engineered products

Briefly list two of the most common causes of failure in engineered products and explain how you would work to minimize their effects and improve reliability of the product under development.

Is it true that, reliability cost is higher as you move through the product design cycle and why? Name each product development stage and give an example of why, for each stage in the product develop cycle.

 

Sample Solution

Common causes of failure

Product failure is the ultimate defining line in poor quality. Smithers Rapra (www.smithersrapra.com) has investigated thousands of product failures. The overwhelming majority of product failures (65%) are caused by poor specification/material selection and design. Of the remaining (35%), 20% are caused by processing and 15% by misuse (although good design can minimize the potential for misuse by either clear signposting of the limitations or the design intent). You can’t make a good landing from a poor approach. Whilst poor quality is broader than failure, design and materials selection are key elements in quality management for plastic processors. Get these right and producing quality products becomes much easier.

are primarily listening to the music, which is in almost every case too loud and pummelling to interact with your peers. Instead of blocking out our overpowering surroundings, we become engrossed in the music and atmosphere. Our hearing focuses on one certain sound and whereas the other senses seemed to decrease in effectiveness. We found this rather ironic given the fact that there is a clear common ground between everyone; we all appreciate and want to experience the same music, yet it is extremely difficult to interact with each other due to said music and confined space.

This is the same in situations when we move through both crowded spaces and places with our headphones in. When we put our headphones in, we isolate ourselves and create our own world where we dull down our senses. People can view you as being antisocial or “busy” listening to the music in the current environment. For example, in a public and sociable space (pubs, cafes, common areas etc.) we found it often difficult and awkward to approach someone listening to music, given their lack of auditory senses and general closed-off nature. We also felt that people were at their worse when they had music plugged in and they were on their way to work as they tried to avoid us if they saw us approaching them. However, when we move through spaces, such as busy cities, are we listening to music because our surroundings are too overpowering for our senses, or is it because we want to put a meaning to space and turn it into a distinct place?

As we move through different places, we create new memories for every place we visit and we conjure up different emotions from these memories. We also found that music, despite it narrowing down certain senses by blocking out the foreground and background sounds, it also created a new relationship with our surroundings. The different genres of music toyed on our emotions whether we were listening to something upbeat or something much more depressing and slightly changed our attitude towards the place we were walking through. Given the feel of the particular music and your own personal mood, our perspectives on certain places differed. The fairly obvious example being when we were listening to a song with melancholic lyrics and gloomy instrumentation, then the meaning of the particular place that we were in reflected this music and we associated these emotions with the place in the future. We also find ourselves being less alert when listening to more negative music as, for example, we may be looking at the ground or generally thinking more deeply about the poignant lyrics. On the other hand, we found that when listening to upbeat and joyful music we often take in more of our surroundings and are more observant of the various activities in them. We found this extremely

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