Sample Solution

with their team members; the latter were randomly selected and further contacted by the researchers. The questionnaire was designed and applied in Dutch; for the current study the questionnaire was back translated.
Independent & dependent variables
The study aims to test the relationship between transformational – respectively transactional – leadership, LMX, and psychological safety, proposing that LMX mediates the relationship between leadership style and psychological safety. Therefore transformational, respectively transactional, leadership are the independent variables of the study; LMX is the mediator; and psychological safety is the dependent variable. Respondents’ demographics will be used as control variables.
Plan for data analysis
Data will be analysed using SPSS analysis software. Descriptive analysis will be performed for exploring the characteristics of the study population.
Even though psychological safety is a notion that lies mostly in the individual perception, it is best observed at team level (Edmonson, 2004). The study dataset contains data collected from team leaders and team members. Given the data clustering (as shown by table), multilevel regression analyses will be performed.
Level Operational (N)
Regression Respondent
2 team leader 90
1 healthcare professionals 514

Prior to performing the regression analyses, data will be tested for ensuring that the normal distribution condition is met. As well, correlation matrices will be used for deciding the control variables to be used.
The mediation will be tested using the causal steps method. As explained by MacKinnon et al. (2012), this method has four steps:
1) testing for significance the relationship between independent (i.e. transformational, respectively transactional leadership) and dependent variable (i.e. psychological safety);
2) testing for a significant relationship between the independent (i.e. transformational, respectively transactional leadership) and mediator (i.e. LMX);
3) testing for significance the relationship between mediator (i.e. LMX) and dependent variable (i.e. psychological safety) when controlling for the independent variable (i.e. transformational, respectively transactional, leadership);
4) assessing whether the relation between the independent variable (i.e. transformational, respectively transactional, leadership) and the dependent varible (i.e. psychological safety) is wea