Contraception / IVF

Sample Solution

. Hormonal methods:

These methods work by preventing ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovary) or thickening cervical mucus to make it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. Hormonal methods come in a variety of forms, including:

• Combined oral contraceptives (the pill): These pills contain synthetic versions of the hormones estrogen and progestin, which regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent ovulation.
  Opens in a new windowen.wikipedia.org

  Combined oral contraceptives (the pill)
• Progestin-only pills (minipills): These pills contain only progestin, which thickens cervical mucus and can also thin the lining of the uterus, making it less hospitable for implantation of a fertilized egg.
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  Progestinonly pills (minipills)
• Patches: These thin, adhesive patches release hormones through the skin into the bloodstream. They are changed weekly.
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  Patches for contraception
• Vaginal rings: These flexible rings are inserted into the vagina and release hormones slowly over a three-month period.
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  Vaginal rings for contraception
• Implants: These small, thin rods are inserted under the skin of the upper arm and release hormones slowly over a three-year period.
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  Implants for contraception
• Injections: These shots contain progestin and are given in the arm or buttocks every three months.
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  Injections for contraception

2. Barrier methods:

These methods physically block sperm from reaching the egg. Barrier methods include:

• Male condoms: These thin sheaths are worn over the penis during sex and trap sperm so they cannot enter the vagina.
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  Male condoms for contraception
• Female condoms: These pouches are inserted into the vagina before sex and cover the cervix, blocking sperm from entering the uterus.
  Opens in a new windowwww.verywellhealth.com

  Female condoms for contraception
• Diaphragms: These dome-shaped cups are inserted into the vagina and cover the cervix. They must be used with spermicide, which is a gel or foam that kills sperm.
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  Diaphragms for contraception
• Cervical caps: These thimble-shaped caps fit over the cervix and block sperm from entering the uterus. They must also be used with spermicide.
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  Cervical caps for contraception

3. Intrauterine devices (IUDs):

IUDs are small, T-shaped devices that are inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional. They work by preventing fertilization in several ways, including thickening cervical mucus, making the uterine lining less hospitable for implantation, and sometimes by interfering with sperm movement. IUDs are effective for up to five to ten years.

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Intrauterine devices (IUDs) for contraception

The best type of artificial contraception for you will depend on your individual needs and preferences. It is important to talk to your doctor about your options to find the method that is right for you.