Cybersecurity Evolution Responses

 

RESPONSE 1:

This week we have been asked to discuss the evolution of the concept and necessity of cybersecurity of the last three decades as well as speculate as to what impact the next decade may have on cybersecurity. While analyzing this topic, the first thing that came to mind was the fact that in the 1980 the idea of the Internet was limited to only a few machines connected to one another located at various universities and government sites. (Crocker, 2019) Relatively speaking, the need for cybersecurity was next to nothing as most of the people who had regular access to the network probably belonged to a small group of people most of which could vouch for one another or having some type of real-world acquaintance or connection. It wasn’t until the integration of many networks on a global scale where simply sending information in the clear started to become a problem and malicious actors could inflict harm to a machine and remain safeguarded through the anonymity afforded by the ever evolving landscape that was cyberspace. Soon, encryption, firewalls, anti-malware, and more cybersecurity products became ubiquitous with cyber technology as a whole as more emphasis was placed on protecting sensitive information and digital resources.

Obviously, it is difficult if not impossible to accurately predict how technology will evolve in the future. However, if I had to hazard a guess I would speculate that as the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to permeate society greater emphasis will be placed on traffic management. Many American households have moved from having one personal computer and wired telephone, to having several dozens of wireless interconnected devices to include a phone, tablet, laptop, security doorbells, thermostats, smart locks, smart garage doors, Bluetooth coffeemakers, smart refrigerators, etc in less than two decades. Securing all of the traffic while simultaneously allotting the proper amount of bandwidth for each device to function as advertised will only continue to grow more difficult as households continue to acquire more wireless technology.

V/r,
Jared

Reference:
Crocker, S. (2019, October). CSDL: IEEE Computer Society. CSDL | IEEE Computer Society. Retrieved December 15, 2021, from https://www.computer.org/csdl/magazine/co/2019/10/08848151/1dAq2h9SRwI

RESPONSE 2:

In the early days of the internet in the 1980’s-1990 viruses and worms were not as large of a threat. The internet was still new and not widely used publicly, therefore not many threats were known of even if they were in existence. However, there were hackers that attacked government and corporate systems stealing data and money. This was simpler due to the lack of security. The 1990’s brought about more public and commercial use of the internet with the availability of the world wide web and publicly available dial-up. This also caused more hackers to spread malware, but anti-virus, and firewalls were assisting in the protection of data. This did not stop all malware exploits from happening as the Melissa virus and Michelangelo virus cost were two that affected thousands of users and thousands of dollars in loss and repairs. The next decade in the 2000’s was when computers were a more normal occurrence, most homes had one and the crimes being committed over the web were treated like crimes. Criminals when caught were charged and served jail time along with fines, at least in the U.S. Malware and hackers began to evolve however, and because the internet was more widely used a payloads ability to spread grew rapidly. Going forward the lessen learned from the past few decades is that along with growth and use of the internet comes evolution to the threats from using it. Today to secure a network defense in depth is used along with pen testing and auditing. The entirety of how a device or program is developed has security in mind and all users are trained in security measures. Cyber security must begin to think like hackers to protect data and systems. Cyberattacks in today’s world can cripple infrastructure, therefore it is imperative to keep the system as secure as possible, always rechecking controls, training staff, and updating programs, and soon offensive and defensive measures in cyber will become the norm to protect data.

-AMANDA

Lynett, M. (n.d.). A history of information security from past to present. Document Management Blog. Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://blog.mesltd.ca/a-history-of-information-security-from-past-to-present#:~:text=1990s%3A%20Organized%20crime%20gets%20involved%20in%20hacking%20After,data%20from%20people%20and%20governments%20via%20the%20web.

Malware of the 90s: Remembering the Michelangelo and Melissa viruses. WeLiveSecurity. (2018, November 26). Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://www.welivesecurity.com/2018/11/12/malware-90s-michelangelo-melissa-viruses/

A history of malware: Part four, 2000-2005. Infosec Resources. (2020, October 14). Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/topic/history-malware-part-four-2000-2005/

 

 

Sample Solution

Character hypothesis contends that the psyche is indistinguishable to the cerebrum and that psychological occasions are indistinguishable to mind occasions, at last the hypothesis illuminates realism in that everything is physical and to assist exactness it edifies material monism in trusting that just material substances and their states exist (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 65). To some degree it represents physicalism that people are completely material creatures that can be clarified utilizing in a perfect world finish material science which it is basic to call attention to don’t at present exist. The hypothesis in synopsis expresses that when we encounter something in our psyches it will be indistinguishable to an occasion in the cerebrum, for instance agony will be experienced in the meantime as the terminating of c-strands in the mind (Gareth Southwell, 2009, http://www.philosophyonline.co.uk). In this exposition I will additionally examine the diverse forms of the personality hypothesis, for example, type-type and token-token. What’s more, I will demonstrate that in spite of qualities, for example, clarifying why changes in the cerebrum through damage or generally go with modifications in the psychological working no variant of the personality hypothesis of brain are at last satisfactory because of its powerlessness to clarify the areas of musings or feelings, the subliminal or cognizant states, the qualia of encounters or the deliberate mental states with further investigate by the American thinker Kripke. There are two sorts of personality hypothesis and the first I will talk about is the sort type character hypothesis. This hypothesis trusts that any given mental state will be indistinguishable to a cerebrum state (K. T. Maslin, 2009, 68). This hypothesis attempts to distinguish the association of mental wonders with physical procedures in the mind. This hypothesis uses the disclosures of science as indistinguishable with the conceivable associations of mental states with cerebrum states, it expresses that the revelation of water as a component of oxygen and hydrogen and additionally the recognizable proof of physical marvels, for example, lightning with the example of electrical releases it can interface the experience and feeling of agony with the physical procedure in the mind and focal sensory system of the terminating of C-strands. The augmentation of this hypothesis places driving force on reductionism. This is the place it is contended that the implications of various mental and physical expressions precisely coordinate at their center ideas. This can be clarified as far as water and H20, two gatherings of wonders that show up numerically differentiating end up being one lot of existents and not two. At last they express that psychological and physical ideas will end up being a solitary sort of property depicted by two distinct phrasings. They trust the genuine idea of marvels can be given by the base to which it is decreased for instance agony can be diminished to the conduct of neurons in the focal sensory system. The second sort of personality hypothesis is the token-token character hypothesis. This accepts there are singular contrasts in individuals and creatures for mind and mental states (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 70). It expresses that while token mental states are indistinguishable to token physical states in various people they might be distinctive sorts of states, for instance torment may result in c-fiber incitement in one individual and z-fiber incitement in another (Dr Crawford, 2009, 3). I for one feel that this hypothesis attempts to clarify the distinctions in people minds in augmentation of the agony precedent I trust this hypothesis endeavors to clarify the diverse limit in torment for various people, while despite everything it might be the equivalent mental idea and cerebrum responses it takes a few people more while others less torment to trigger the incitement of their relating filaments whether it be c, x or y. Right off the bat I will examine the qualities of these hypotheses in clarifying that the psyche is at last the mind. Right off the bat it is a straightforward hypothesis, with less presumptions and just requiring to clarify the physical it makes itself progressively best and leaves less provisos open for investigate. It additionally expels the mind body connection issue, while before there was a prerequisite to disclose the psychological to physical causation the hypothesis expresses that the psychological is the physical so it just requires the physical to physical causation to be defended and not the non-physical with the physical. Another quality is given by logical revelation in the utilization of PET or MRI examines that demonstrate that explicit zones of the mind “light up” amid explicit mental capacities, a portion of these associations were distinguished by Borca and Wernicke over a hundred years previously the making of these cutting edge filtering procedures, this shows the association among mental and cerebrum states (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 70). Anyway likely the most incredible of all qualities to the character speculations is the capacity to clarify why changes in the mind because of damage, malady, sickness or generally results in the modification of mental working. The equivalent occurs along the developmental scale where increments in mind sizes brought about the expansion of scholarly limit. Since the psyche is the cerebrum when the cerebrum is changed the brain is altered (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 66). There were some prior complaints to this hypothesis also where investigates expressed that in light of the fact that psychological states are distinctive to mind states scientifically they should be extraordinary yet scholars immediately rejected this expressing “the non-synonymy of articulations flanking a personality sign does not naturally preclude reality of the character guarantee” at the end of the day on the grounds that the articulations or terms are diverse doesn’t implied they can’t in any way, shape or form have a similar personality. To take this further the scholars express that everything relies upon what you are alluding to, underneath the distinctive vocabulary the actualities identify with a solitary reality. The case of the morning and night stars bolsters this thought while the vocabulary and explicitly modifiers used to portray the star vary they eventually allude to a similar thing the planet Venus. This can likewise be connected to the absence of learning as dismissible evaluate utilizing Smarts idea expressing that you may think around a certain something yet nothing about another doesn’t mean they can’t in any way, shape or form be the equivalent, for instance you may think about water yet not perceive the compound of H20 but rather this doesn’t mean they are not the one and single substance (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 74). The qualities recognized in the aggregate character speculations demonstrate some genuine associations distinguished and supporting proof introduced in demonstrating the psyche is indistinguishable with the cerebrum. Anyway I accept there are some genuine and top notch blemishes in the contentions of the personality scholars that outcome in its definitive end. Right off the bat, the issue of the psychological and the spatial emerges (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 74). While it is simple using filtering, the area of cerebrum procedures can be effectively recognized amid different errands it is relatively difficult to distinguish the area of an idea or feeling, at the end of the day mental states are distinctive to mind forms.. Furthermore, there is a shortcoming in the association between mental states and mind forms on the intuitive dimension (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 76), to expand this we imply that things like the normal working of the sensory system and also some other framework in your body, for example, processing or breathing, these all have mind expresses that guide the body anyway they don’t have any connectable mental state since we don’t consider them in any capacity. This demonstrates a few things just have physical properties and consequently not all things have a psychological and a mind state essentially contradicting the personality hypothesis. Thirdly is the issue of qualia which implies the nature of a cognizant ordeal (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 79). While we may recognize what part of the cerebrum there is movement in amid a specific mental state its absolutely impossible we can get to the qualia of that encounter, for instance on the off chance that we had an agony we can distinguish this by the terminating of c-filaments in our mind state however it is highly unlikely we could recognize where that torment is, this implies while we encounter contemplations and sensations they should exist in different structures than simply physical properties of cerebrum states and procedures. One day science might have the capacity to recognize the qualia of an ordeal yet right now we can just distinguish the mechanical procedure and can’t clarify mindset or cognizance. Another evaluate of the character hypotheses accentuates the significance of dreams, convictions, wants and a lot progressively purposeful states that don’t exist, they have an illustrative substance and the scholars trust that cerebrum states are completely mechanical procedures in mind expresses that can’t forces any authentic substance, this requires the reaching of the determination that cerebrum states can’t be indistinguishable with deliberate mental states (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 80). The last principle scrutinize of all character hypotheses is because of Saul Kripke who utilized Descartes 6th intercession as motivation for his contention in expressing that since we can really envision mental states without mind states then they are not indistinguishable by any means, what something may look like isn’t basic to its being nevertheless its inward constitution is for instance something might be a reasonable fluid in appearance however it might have as much shot in being vodka as it is water the best way to distinguish it is to decrease it to its internal constitution H20 (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 90 and J. J. C. Brilliant, 2000, http://plato.standford.edu/sections/mind-character). The remote chance of event of mental states without the associating cerebrum states implies they can’t be indistinguishable. At last there is a ton of physical to mental methodologies and association that can’t be invalidated similarly they can’t be affirmed and this makes the determination that you ‘can’t find reality about reality based on what one does and does not know’ (K. T. Maslin, 2007, 67). In end

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