Assign you one of the decision tree interactive media pieces provided in the Resources. As you examine the patient case studies in this module’s Resources, consider how you might assess and treat patients presenting symptoms of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders.
Review the interactive media piece assigned by your Instructor.
Reflect on the patient’s symptoms and aspects of the disorder presented in the interactive media piece.
Consider how you might assess and treat patients presenting with the symptoms of the patient case study you were assigned.
You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the diagnosis and treatment for this patient. Reflect on potential co-morbid physical as well as patient factors that might impact the patient’s diagnosis and treatment.
Write a 1- to 2-page summary paper that addresses the following:
Briefly summarize the patient case study you were assigned, including each of the three decisions you took for the patient presented.
Based on the decisions you recommended for the patient case study, explain whether you believe the decisions provided were supported by the evidence-based literature. Be specific and provide examples. Be sure to support your response with evidence and references from outside resources.
What were you hoping to achieve with the decisions you recommended for the patient case study you were assigned? Support your response with evidence and references from outside resources.
Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with each of the decisions and the results of the decision in the exercise. Describe whether they were different. Be specific and provide examples.
Patient Case Study:
Patient: 55-year-old male with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Chief Complaint: Progressive weakness and numbness in the left arm and leg over the past 6 months.
Decision 1: Order an MRI of the brain and cervical spine.
Rationale: The patient’s symptoms are concerning for a neurological disorder, such as a stroke, multiple sclerosis, or a tumor. An MRI is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting these disorders.
Evidence-Based Literature:
Decision 2: Start the patient on a course of corticosteroids.
Rationale: Corticosteroids can help to reduce inflammation and swelling in the brain and spinal cord. This can help to improve the patient’s symptoms and prevent further neurological damage.
Evidence-Based Literature:
Decision 3: Refer the patient to a neurologist.
Rationale: A neurologist is a specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. The neurologist will be able to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the patient and determine the cause of their symptoms.
Evidence-Based Literature:
Co-Morbid Physical Factors:
The patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus are all risk factors for atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition in which plaque builds up in the arteries. This can lead to narrowing of the arteries and reduced blood flow. Reduced blood flow to the brain can cause a stroke.
Patient Factors:
The patient’s age is also a risk factor for neurological disorders. The risk of stroke increases with age. Additionally, the patient’s history of smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis.
Expected Outcomes:
The expected outcomes of the decisions I recommended are:
Actual Outcomes:
The actual outcomes of the decisions I recommended were:
Differences Between Expected and Actual Outcomes:
The main difference between the expected and actual outcomes was the diagnosis of a brain tumor. The MRI revealed a brain tumor that was not suspected based on the patient’s symptoms. However, the corticosteroids were still effective in improving the patient’s symptoms. The neurologist recommended surgery to remove the brain tumor. This is the standard treatment for brain tumors.
Conclusion:
The decisions I recommended for the patient were supported by the evidence-based literature. The MRI was the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting the patient’s brain tumor. Corticosteroids are effective in reducing inflammation and swelling in the brain and spinal cord. A neurologist is a specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. The decisions I recommended helped to improve the patient’s symptoms and prevent further neurological damage.