Detection of Deception

 

T​‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‌‌‌‍​his review will entail a critical analysis of the research that has been conducted in the area thus far. Where controversy exists, the various sides and their empirical support should be supported. A literature review examines the published research relevant to a particular theoretical or practical problem. It is an attempt to organize and in​‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‌‌‌‍​tegrate research and theory in a specific substantive area. 1) defines and clarifies the problem; 2) summarize previous investigations in order to inform the reader of the state of current research; 3) identifies relations, contradictions, gaps, and inconsistencies in the literature; and 4) suggests the next step or steps in solving the proble​‌‍‍‍‌‍‍‌‍‌‌‍‍‍‌‍‌‌‌‍​m

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Detection of Deception

Deception detection refers the extent to which a person can distinguish between honest and deceptive communication. Much research has examined people`s ability to correctly distinguish between honest and deceptive communication. The ability to detect deception is useful, but many misconceptions about effective lie detection have been documented. Research on deception is especially informative because the findings of research often contradict common sense. For example, both folk wisdom and several social scientific hold that lies can be detected through the careful observation of nonverbal behaviors. Yet researchers shows that most of the nonverbal behaviors that are stereo-typically linked with deception have less diagnostic value than presumed. The widely accepted conclusion from decades of research is that while people are statistically better than chance at detecting lies, people are poor lie detectors in an absolute sense, averaging just 54 percent accuracy.

The value of the Japanese Yen (JPY) continues to fluctuate as trade war between China and the USA continues to escalate and trade disputes with South Korea adding additional pressure on the currency. On the other hand, the JPY remains the third most traded currency and its ability to operate a current account surplus continues as 1.21 trillion JPY was recorded in June 2019, ensuring Japan’s ability to act as a net lender. Given that, China and the USA are major exports of japan (Reference), conflict in tariffs will ensure consumers seeking alternative markets with comparative advantage to import goods and services from. Which is clearly evident as the JPY has appreciated against the USD and will continue to appreciate in the short run due to consumers seeking cheaper alternatives. However, the value of the JPY is predicted to fall in the long run as the trade war tensions should conclude.

The current account surplus has allowed japan to accumulate foreign assets, job creation in exports sector and high share of output is exported than consumed. Furthermore, weak domestic demand which rose my mere 0.2% in February 2019, reluctance to buy imports and greater competitiveness due to undervalued Japanese Yen continues to produce a current account surplus where the exports exceeds imports. Based on PPP, the Japanese Yen is under valued at $-2.52 against the Australian dollar (reference) allowing the exporters to access goods and services at lower prices due to higher purchasing power.

On the other hand, the current account surplus increases the supply of foreign currencies in the market driving the exchange rate down in the long run, but the low interest rates are driving the demand for the JPY up and therefore for the value is appreciating in the short run.

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