Dwight D. Eisenhower’s State Department imposed the first trade embargo on Cuba

 

It has been almost 56 years since President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s State Department imposed the first trade embargo on Cuba on Oct. 19, 1960. The original embargo covered all U.S. exports to Cuba except for medicine and some foods. President John F. Kennedy expanded the embargo to cover U.S. imports from Cuba and made it permanent on Feb. 7, 1962. In the first year of Castro’s regime, U.S. trade with Cuba decreased by 20%. At that time Cuba bought 70% of its foreign goods from the U.S. The United States embargo against Cuba was a commercial, economic, and financial embargo imposed by the United States on Cuba. In March 2016 the Obama administration restored diplomatic ties with Cuba and lifted the embargo.
Begin a formal project by researching and identifying trade issues from lifting the embargo. Also, research and identify how American industry will benefit from these new trade relations. For this week, concentrate your efforts on researching what industries were impacted when the trade embargo was enacted in 1960. How did that impact affect the U.S. GDP and its economy? This formal project will be due in the last week of the course.
Overall Project Outline:
• review project requirements and concentrate your efforts on researching what industries were impacted when the trade embargo was enacted in 1960. How did that impact affect the U.S. GDP and its economy?
• concentrate your efforts on how the trade embargo affected the U.S. tourism industry.
• concentrate your efforts on the concept of government actions. What did this embargo cost the U.S taxpayers?
• concentrate your efforts on how U.S industries will be affected by lifting the embargo.
• concentrate your efforts on researching how lifting the embargo will impact the U.S. economy and GDP.

Sample Solution

Amit Kumar Dwivedi and D. Kumara Charyulu in their research paper “Efficiency of Indian Banking Industry in the Post-Reform Era (2011)” have determined the impact of various market and regulatory initiatives on efficiency improvements of Indian banks. They concluded that reform process has led to a more efficient and profit oriented industry. The infusion of private equity capital has created challenges to shareholders and led to bureaucratic decision making. The reform process has improvised the traditional banking and created technology based banking.

R.K. Uppal in his study “Global Crisis: Problems and Prospects for Indian Banking Industry (2011)”, has examined the banks’ efficiency in the post- banking sector reforms era for the time period between 1999 and 2006. The study determined that public sector banks have improved their financial position in the period, but banks still need to make many changes. The study concluded efficiency of new private sector banks is high, when compared to other Indian banks but foreign banks have competitive advantage over new private sector banks.

Omprakash K.Gupta, Yogesh Doshit and Aneesh Chinubhai in their study “Dynamics of Productive Efficiency of Indian Banks (2008)”, have analyzed the performance of the Indian banking sector in two stages. Non-parametric frontier methodology DEA and TOBIT model have been used to construct productive inputs. The outputs are measured and efficiency scores have been determined for the period of 1999-2003. The efficiency is measured in terms of capital adequacy; the study concludes that the State Bank of India has highest efficiency level followed by private banks and other nationalized banks.

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