Ecology and the environment

 

Read the attached documents and answer the following in your own words.
List three variables that make the fire regime (1 pt)
Define the hypothesis ‘pyrodiversity begets biodiversity’ in your own words. Do you agree with this hypothesis, why? (2 pts)
Provide one example of how humans directly and one example of how humans indirectly influence fire regimes. (2pts)
Describe how bison and fires interact and affect trophic interactions in the North American tall grass prairie (see Bowman et al, Figure 4). What would happen if fire were eliminated from this landscape? (2 pts).
How do cultural fire regimes differ from natural fire regimes? (2 pts)
List five ways American Tribes used fire to promote their livelihood (1 pt)
Describe two methods of how western knowledge and traditional knowledge can work together to improve fire management. (2 pts)
Describe how the wildlife-urban-interface (WUI) complicates fire management (2 pts)
Define a prescribed fire and a wildfire. How does management of these fire types differ? (2 pts)
What are the challenges with using traditional knowledge and western knowledge in research? (2 pts)
Write out the citations for both papers using Ecology formatting. (2pts)

Sample Solution

ro-environmental behaviour has become a crucial part of today’s society, it is defined as “behaviour that harms the environment as little as possible, or even benefits the environment” (Steg & Vlek, 2009, p. 1). Due to climate change and ongoing exploitation of natural resources, the importance of humans acting environmentally reasonable has become increasingly vital. Pro-environmental behaviour aims at changing the human behaviour towards a more conscious handling of nature. Thereby multiple aspects of daily life such as energy consumption, commuting, garbage disposal and water consumption should be targeted (Sern et al., 2018). Especially waste has become one of the most significant problems today as the volume of waste has tremendously increased over the last decades as the ongoing process of industrialization continues. The waste problem cannot only be solved at government level but needs to be addressed at the individual level, especially private households that currently produce a significant amount of waste (Ayu et al., 2018). Therefore, the importance of individuals management of waste is a contemporary topic that is relevant to be studied.

Prior findings

Many papers have analysed determinants of household impact on waste. Especially Ayu et al. (2018) have shown in their quantitative analysis of Bekasi City (Indonesia) that the households are of vital importance in the process of achieving a low carbon society and that the level of knowledge and consciousness about environmental actions is directly linked to household waste behaviour. Within their study, the researchers have focused on women as they represent the main factor in private households in Bekasi City (Indonesia). The study has found empirical evidence that the level of pro-enviro

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