Effort Estimation Exercise

 

 

Show all your workings

1. The size (that is, the effort needed to complete it) of any task will depend on its characteristics. The units into which the work is divided will also differ. Identify the factors affecting the size of the task and the work units for the following activities:
• installing computer workstations in a new office
• transporting assembled personal computers from the factory where they were assembled to warehouses distributed in different parts of the country
• typing in and checking the correctness of data that is populating a new data base
• System testing a newly written software application
(10 Marks)

2. If you were asked as an expert to provide an estimate of the effort needed to make certain changes to an existing piece of software, what information would you like to have to hand to assist you in making that estimate? (2Marks)

3. A small application maintains a telephone directory. The database for the application contains the following data types:

Staff reference
Surname
Forenames
Title
Department code
Room number
Telephone extension
E-mail address
Fax number

Transactions are needed which:
i) set up new entries;
ii) amend existing entries
iii) delete entries
iv) allow enquirers to list on line the details for a particular member of staff
v) produce a complete listing of the telephone directory entries in alphabetical order

a) Use this scenario to produce an estimated Mark II FP count. List all the assumptions you will need to make. (10 Marks)

b) Another requirement could be to produce the listing in (v) in departmental order. In your view should this increase FP count and if so by how much? (2 Marks)

4. The following details are held about previously developed software modules.

module inputs entity types accessed outputs days
a 1 2 10 2.60
b 10 2 1 3.90
c 5 1 1 1.83
d 2 3 11 3.50
e 1 3 20 4.30
A new module has 7 inputs, one entity type access and 7 outputs. Which of the modules a to e is the closest analogy in terms of Euclidean distance? (3 Marks)

5. Using the data in further exercise 4 above, calculate the Simons Mark II FPs for each module. Using the results, calculate the effort needed for the new module described in exercise 4. How does this estimate compare to the one based on analogy? (13 Marks)
.

Sample Solution

 

We regularly consider ourselves our body, psyche, and feelings. We take these three components and make an amalgamation. Be that as it may, we likewise frequently talk about an individual’s spirit. Is there any logical reason for the spirit? Shockingly, there is. Every interesting character an individual has (even in conditions of amnesia and different ailments), the inclination and personality of oneself past age (particularly experienced as we become more established), and our inescapable abstract understanding as an individual include a logical establishment for the spirit.

Regardless of neuroplasticity, or the steady move in the connections between our synapses, we remain basically a similar character. This consistency is generally unmistakable on account of intellectually sick patients or individuals who have encountered memory misfortune. As indicated by Scientific American:

In his book The Perpetual Now: A Story of Amnesia, Memory and Love, science columnist Michael Lemonick recounts to the tale of Lonni Sue, a business craftsman who endured cerebrum harm because of a viral disease. She was left incapable to review her past or to shape new recollections. Henceforth the book’s title. Lemonick expected that Lonni Sue, when she lost her recollections, lost her self. Since what are we yet our recollections? In any case, when he found a workable pace Sue, just as individuals who knew her when her damage, Lemonick found that her self had not been devastated. She was as yet sprightly such that improved individuals around her vibe, and she was as yet inventive and lively, drawing pictures packed with visual and verbal plays on words. (Horgan, John)

In this way, in spite of memory misfortune, we despite everything hold the embodiment of our character. Essentially, regardless of what befalls our cerebrum, our interesting character appears to radiate through.

Other than one’s character being available in spite of memory misfortune, the spirit of an individual can be distinguished through one’s cognizance. Despite the fact that we normally relate to our body and what we find in the mirror, we likewise have a feeling that we are not a specific age—as our feeling of self as a rule inclines less on age and rather on our abstract sentiment of who we are fundamentally. As creator Cate Montana clarifies:

Truly, my body is unquestionably more established. Be that as it may, “I” am definitely not. The pith that I call my “self” has not matured a day. Obviously, anyone more than forty knows this marvel. Sooner or later every individual on the planet glances in the mirror and says, “I can’t trust I’m 42 (or 62 or 74 or 87 or… ). I’m precisely the same individual within. What the heck occurred?” (“Proof of the Soul.”)

Along these lines, we have a personality that is all the more a physical sign, and another character that exemplifies our character. Regularly, typically, individuals consider their to be as endless instead of bound by age.

In conclusion, every individual is definitely emotional about their experience. In spite of people being extremely, like each other in DNA and by and large creation, our impression of the truth is inconceivably not quite the same as individual to person. As per Psychology Today, “While neuroscience has gained enormous ground lighting up the working of the cerebrum, why we have an emotional encounter stays secretive. The issue of the spirit lies precisely here, in understanding the idea of oneself, the “I” in presence that feels and lives. In spite of the fact that the current logical worldview depends on the conviction that the world has a goal spectator autonomous presence, genuine analyses recommend the exact inverse” (“Does The Soul Exist? Proof Says ‘Yes'”). As the two-cut investigation has appeared, when presence is watched, it changes its organization. This is just one bit of the riddle that shows how “objective” the truth isn’t anything but difficult to get a hold of.

The spirit of an individual is amazingly testing to demonstrate experimentally. In any case, with every individual’s character being interesting, the conduct nature of thinking about oneself past age, and our inescapable abstract understanding, we can say that the spirit has some premise in science. These substances of our conduct, character, and observation probably won’t be tried stringently, however they are exceptionally hard to deny.

Works Cited

Horgan, John. “We Have Souls, thus Do Crows.” Scientific American Blog Network, 21 Dec. 2017, blogs.scientificamerican.com/cross-check/we-have-spirits thus do-crows/.

Montana, Cate. “Verification of the Soul.” The Huffington Post, TheHuffingtonPost.com, 7 Dec. 2017, www.huffingtonpost.com/cate-montana/verification of-the-soul_b_10112150.html.

“Does The Soul Exist? Proof Says ‘Yes’.” Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/biocentrism/201112/does-the-spirit exist-proof says-yes.

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