Everything’s an Argument

Read chapter 5 in Everything’s an Argument, which describe a number of Logical Fallacies. Choose four of the fallacies and write at least three paragraphs on each. Define what each term means using both the description in the book and your own words. Then give at least two clear examples of that fallacy. You can use some personal examples, but I would prefer that you draw from the business and political world, items from history and current events. This paper is an analysis of how these various fallacies are used in argumentation and despite the fact that they are fallacious, you should describe how they could be effective in persuading people. Please use the MLA format and cite all your sources with a Works Cited page.

 

Define and cite the term Logical Fallacies and briefly describe how they are misused in politics and business.

Sample Solution

Everything`s an Argument

A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning that makes your argument less effective and convincing (Gensler, Harry J, 2010). And you want to be able to spot these fallacies in other people`s arguments (and your own) so you can call them out or fix your own strategy. There are two major types of logical fallacies, formal and informal. Logical fallacies are almost everywhere in our life. They are in articles you read every morning, the speech you attend on campus, or the conversation you overheard at the coffee shop. Nowadays, logical fallacies are seen often in political debate. The most popular ones that are most frequently used are the slippery slope fallacy, the straw man fallacy, the hasty generalization fallacy and the post hoc fallacy.

technically came for Scrooges’ sake to warn him about what could be his unpleasant future and offers him hope and change to escape his fate. The first ghost, the Ghost of Christmas Past, brings the light of truth by taking Scrooge back through his childhood and reminds him of his happier days where he was employed by the jolly Mr. Fezziwig, (C 24). This scene emphasizes what prosperity looks like, assists Scrooge in seeing his old character and because of this, helps him reflect on why he acts like he does. He also revisits his past to see the engagement of his old lady, Belle. Although they were deeply fond of each other’s presence, a separation occurred due to Scrooges motive being dictated specifically by money and their inability to love one another, (C 28). The relationship between Scrooge and Belle is very important because it reveals Scrooges main priorities and desires. It also shows him realizing the happiness Belle and her new family have, which help form his character to see his loneliness and what he has lost, (C 30). The second ghost, the Ghost of Christmas Present arrives next, taking him on a journey to reveal Christmas as it will happen that year. Scrooge is introduced to his clerk, Bob Cratchits, family Christmas and suddenly has soft feelings and passion for the way they support his disabled son, Tiny Tim, (C 40). He also finds himself being touched by the acknowledgement of himself at their Christmas dinner toast, which exemplifies that he truly does have feelings after all, (C 40). The spirit then takes him to his nephew’s house to examine their celebration, one in which he was invited but reluctant to attend. Being able to see everyone happy with each other’s company, as well as having the urge to play along with the family game, Scrooge finds a new way to visualize the gathering. Lastly, the ghost is able to broaden Scrooges view on the homeless by introducing Ignorance and Want, which are two malnourished children, (C 49). This scene is significant because after denying the homelessness’s existence and being left in an unusual place, Scrooge does not understand what he did to be abandoned and realizes his mistakes. The third ghost, the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come is last, leading Scrooge through a series of events that pertain to the death of an unnamed man. Throughout this scene, the ghost displays individuals from his town discussing the death of this man. Having no respect for the dead man, he witnesses others stealing the dead man’s belongings and has very harsh feelings for their actions, (C 51). After constant begging to find out who had passed, he finds himself in a churchyard with the ghost pointing to a gravestone with his own name engraved on the top, (C 62). This is one of the most important scenes of the novel because it shows Ebenezer Scrooges character transformation to honor Christmas, do all that is right and continue to live in the past, present and future or he will die after all, (C 63). Overall, these scenes are relevant to romanticism because while Ebenezer Scrooges natural emotions are revealed through these events, the ghosts are also represented as the “hero’s” who assist him in finally seeking his true identity of being whole after all.

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